[RFC PATCH] ARM: Use generic BUG() handler

Dave Martin dave.martin at linaro.org
Tue Mar 1 12:48:21 EST 2011


On Tue, Mar 1, 2011 at 12:27 AM, Simon Glass <sjg at chromium.org> wrote:
> I am looking for comments please on this patch.
>
> ARM uses its own BUG() handler which makes its output slightly different
> from other archtectures.
>
> One of the problems is that the ARM implementation doesn't report the function
> with the BUG() in it, but always reports the PC being in __bug(). The generic
> implementation doesn't have this problem.
>
> Currently we get something like:
>
> kernel BUG at fs/proc/breakme.c:35!
> Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 00000000
> ...
> PC is at __bug+0x20/0x2c
>
> With this patch it displays:
>
> kernel BUG at fs/proc/breakme.c:35!
> Internal error: Oops - undefined instruction: 0 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
> ...
> PC is at write_breakme+0xd0/0x1b4
>
> This implementation uses an undefined instruction to implement BUG, and sets up
> a bug table containing the relevant information.
>
> Also backtraces were reported slightly differently - so I have added a newline
> after the backtrace message, a space before the address, and ensured that the
> message appears even when CONFIG_ARM_UNWIND is defined. These are aimed at
> consistency between architectures, and may or may not be acceptable for ARM.
> In any case they may be best as a separate patch.
>
> Change-Id: I515db9a04e98084e6bbb21c4a1d13579568a0904
>
> Signed-off-by: Simon Glass <sjg at chromium.org>
> ---
>  arch/arm/Kconfig              |    4 ++++
>  arch/arm/include/asm/bug.h    |   40 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
>  arch/arm/kernel/traps.c       |   21 +++++++++++++++++++--
>  arch/arm/kernel/unwind.c      |    1 +
>  arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S |   15 +++++++++++++--
>  5 files changed, 76 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm/Kconfig b/arch/arm/Kconfig
> index 26d45e5..d4fb0fb 100644
> --- a/arch/arm/Kconfig
> +++ b/arch/arm/Kconfig
> @@ -191,6 +191,10 @@ config VECTORS_BASE
>        help
>          The base address of exception vectors.
>
> +config GENERIC_BUG
> +       def_bool y
> +       depends on BUG
> +
>  source "init/Kconfig"
>
>  source "kernel/Kconfig.freezer"
> diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/bug.h b/arch/arm/include/asm/bug.h
> index 4d88425..bbbebe4 100644
> --- a/arch/arm/include/asm/bug.h
> +++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/bug.h
> @@ -3,6 +3,40 @@
>
>
>  #ifdef CONFIG_BUG
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG
> +
> +
> +/* A suitable undefined instruction to use for ARM bug handling */
> +#define BUG_INSTR_ARM 0xec000000

This will need a suitable separate definition for
CONFIG_THUMB2_KERNEL, where the instruction encodings are different.

It may also be a good idea to include the whole directive, e.g.
#define BUG_INSTR_ARM ".word 0xec000000"
...since for Thumb you probably want to use .hword/.short (or
inst.n/inst.w if we consider that everyone has new enough tools)
instead of .long in that case.

> +
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE
> +#define BUG()                                                  \
> +do {                                                           \
> +       asm volatile("1:\t.word %c3\n"                          \
> +                    ".pushsection __bug_table,\"a\"\n"         \
> +                    "2:\t.word 1b, %c0\n"                      \
> +                    "\t.hword %c1, 0\n"                        \
> +                    "\t.org 2b+%c2\n"                          \
> +                    ".popsection"                              \
> +                    :                                          \
> +                    : "i" (__FILE__), "i" (__LINE__),          \
> +                    "i" (sizeof(struct bug_entry)),            \
> +                    "i" (BUG_INSTR_ARM));                      \
> +       unreachable();                                          \
> +} while (0)
> +
> +#else
> +#define BUG()                                                  \
> +do {                                                           \
> +       asm volatile("ud2");                                    \
> +       unreachable();                                          \
> +} while (0)
> +#endif
> +
> +#else  /* not CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG */
> +
>  #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_BUGVERBOSE
>  extern void __bug(const char *file, int line) __attribute__((noreturn));
>
> @@ -16,8 +50,12 @@ extern void __bug(const char *file, int line) __attribute__((noreturn));
>
>  #endif
>
> +#endif  /* CONFIG_GENERIC_BUG */
> +
>  #define HAVE_ARCH_BUG
> -#endif
> +
> +#endif /* CONFIG_BUG */
> +
>
>  #include <asm-generic/bug.h>
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm/kernel/traps.c b/arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
> index ee57640..d5e5df9 100644
> --- a/arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
> +++ b/arch/arm/kernel/traps.c
> @@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
>  #include <linux/kdebug.h>
>  #include <linux/module.h>
>  #include <linux/kexec.h>
> +#include <linux/bug.h>
>  #include <linux/delay.h>
>  #include <linux/init.h>
>
> @@ -55,7 +56,8 @@ static void dump_mem(const char *, const char *, unsigned long, unsigned long);
>  void dump_backtrace_entry(unsigned long where, unsigned long from, unsigned long frame)
>  {
>  #ifdef CONFIG_KALLSYMS
> -       printk("[<%08lx>] (%pS) from [<%08lx>] (%pS)\n", where, (void *)where, from, (void *)from);
> +       printk(" [<%08lx>] (%pS) from [<%08lx>] (%pS)\n", where, (void *)where,
> +              from, (void *)from);
>  #else
>        printk("Function entered at [<%08lx>] from [<%08lx>]\n", where, from);
>  #endif
> @@ -171,7 +173,7 @@ static void dump_backtrace(struct pt_regs *regs, struct task_struct *tsk)
>        unsigned int fp, mode;
>        int ok = 1;
>
> -       printk("Backtrace: ");
> +       printk("Backtrace:\n");
>
>        if (!tsk)
>                tsk = current;
> @@ -271,6 +273,8 @@ void die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs, int err)
>        spin_lock_irq(&die_lock);
>        console_verbose();
>        bust_spinlocks(1);
> +       if (!user_mode(regs))
> +               report_bug(regs->ARM_pc, regs);
>        ret = __die(str, err, thread, regs);
>
>        if (regs && kexec_should_crash(thread->task))
> @@ -302,6 +306,19 @@ void arm_notify_die(const char *str, struct pt_regs *regs,
>        }
>  }
>
> +int is_valid_bugaddr(unsigned long pc)
> +{
> +       unsigned bkpt;
> +
> +       if (pc < PAGE_OFFSET)
> +               return 0;
> +       if (probe_kernel_address((unsigned *)pc, bkpt))
> +               return 0;
> +
> +       return bkpt == BUG_INSTR_ARM;
> +}
> +
> +
>  static LIST_HEAD(undef_hook);
>  static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(undef_lock);
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm/kernel/unwind.c b/arch/arm/kernel/unwind.c
> index d2cb0b3..3f065bd 100644
> --- a/arch/arm/kernel/unwind.c
> +++ b/arch/arm/kernel/unwind.c
> @@ -355,6 +355,7 @@ void unwind_backtrace(struct pt_regs *regs, struct task_struct *tsk)
>        register unsigned long current_sp asm ("sp");
>
>        pr_debug("%s(regs = %p tsk = %p)\n", __func__, regs, tsk);
> +       printk("Backtrace:\n");
>
>        if (!tsk)
>                tsk = current;
> diff --git a/arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S b/arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
> index 86b66f3..591ab50 100644
> --- a/arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
> +++ b/arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
> @@ -72,6 +72,18 @@ SECTIONS
>
>        PERCPU(PAGE_SIZE)
>
> +       /*
> +        * .exit.text is discarded at runtime, not link time, to deal with
> +        *  references from bug_table
> +        */
> +       .exit.text : AT(ADDR(.exit.text)) {
> +               EXIT_TEXT
> +       }
> +
> +       .exit.data : AT(ADDR(.exit.data)) {
> +               EXIT_DATA
> +       }
> +
>  #ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>        . = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
>        __init_end = .;
> @@ -246,7 +258,6 @@ SECTIONS
>                __tcm_end = .;
>        }
>  #endif
> -
>        BSS_SECTION(0, 0, 0)
>        _end = .;
>
> @@ -254,7 +265,7 @@ SECTIONS
>        .comment 0 : { *(.comment) }
>
>        /* Default discards */
> -       DISCARDS
> +       /*DISCARDS*/
>
>  #ifndef CONFIG_SMP_ON_UP
>        /DISCARD/ : {
> --
> 1.7.3.1
>
>
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