[PATCH v9 3/3] riscv: Use PUD/P4D/PGD pages for the linear mapping
Alexandre Ghiti
alexghiti at rivosinc.com
Mon Mar 27 04:15:43 PDT 2023
Hi Andrew,
On Mon, Mar 27, 2023 at 11:39 AM Andrew Jones <ajones at ventanamicro.com> wrote:
>
> On Fri, Mar 24, 2023 at 04:54:21PM +0100, Alexandre Ghiti wrote:
> > During the early page table creation, we used to set the mapping for
> > PAGE_OFFSET to the kernel load address: but the kernel load address is
> > always offseted by PMD_SIZE which makes it impossible to use PUD/P4D/PGD
> > pages as this physical address is not aligned on PUD/P4D/PGD size (whereas
> > PAGE_OFFSET is).
> >
> > But actually we don't have to establish this mapping (ie set va_pa_offset)
> > that early in the boot process because:
> >
> > - first, setup_vm installs a temporary kernel mapping and among other
> > things, discovers the system memory,
> > - then, setup_vm_final creates the final kernel mapping and takes
> > advantage of the discovered system memory to create the linear
> > mapping.
> >
> > During the first phase, we don't know the start of the system memory and
> > then until the second phase is finished, we can't use the linear mapping at
> > all and phys_to_virt/virt_to_phys translations must not be used because it
> > would result in a different translation from the 'real' one once the final
> > mapping is installed.
> >
> > So here we simply delay the initialization of va_pa_offset to after the
> > system memory discovery. But to make sure noone uses the linear mapping
> > before, we add some guard in the DEBUG_VIRTUAL config.
> >
> > Finally we can use PUD/P4D/PGD hugepages when possible, which will result
> > in a better TLB utilization.
> >
> > Note that:
> > - this does not apply to rv32 as the kernel mapping lies in the linear
> > mapping.
> > - we rely on the firmware to protect itself using PMP.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alexghiti at rivosinc.com>
> > Acked-by: Rob Herring <robh at kernel.org> # DT bits
> > ---
> > arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h | 16 ++++++++++
> > arch/riscv/mm/init.c | 58 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
> > arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c | 16 ++++++++++
> > drivers/of/fdt.c | 11 ++++---
> > 4 files changed, 90 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
> > index 8dc686f549b6..ea1a0e237211 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
> > @@ -90,6 +90,14 @@ typedef struct page *pgtable_t;
> > #define PTE_FMT "%08lx"
> > #endif
> >
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
> > +/*
> > + * We override this value as its generic definition uses __pa too early in
> > + * the boot process (before kernel_map.va_pa_offset is set).
> > + */
> > +#define MIN_MEMBLOCK_ADDR 0
> > +#endif
> > +
> > #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
> > #define ARCH_PFN_OFFSET (PFN_DOWN((unsigned long)phys_ram_base))
> > #else
> > @@ -121,7 +129,11 @@ extern phys_addr_t phys_ram_base;
> > #define is_linear_mapping(x) \
> > ((x) >= PAGE_OFFSET && (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) || (x) < PAGE_OFFSET + KERN_VIRT_SIZE))
> >
> > +#ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
> > #define linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x) ((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + kernel_map.va_pa_offset))
> > +#else
> > +void *linear_mapping_pa_to_va(unsigned long x);
> > +#endif
> > #define kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(y) ({ \
> > unsigned long _y = (unsigned long)(y); \
> > (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL) && _y < phys_ram_base) ? \
> > @@ -130,7 +142,11 @@ extern phys_addr_t phys_ram_base;
> > })
> > #define __pa_to_va_nodebug(x) linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x)
> >
> > +#ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_VIRTUAL
> > #define linear_mapping_va_to_pa(x) ((unsigned long)(x) - kernel_map.va_pa_offset)
> > +#else
> > +phys_addr_t linear_mapping_va_to_pa(unsigned long x);
> > +#endif
> > #define kernel_mapping_va_to_pa(y) ({ \
> > unsigned long _y = (unsigned long)(y); \
> > (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL) && _y < kernel_map.virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET) ? \
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
> > index 3b37d8606920..f803671d18b2 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
> > @@ -213,6 +213,14 @@ static void __init setup_bootmem(void)
> > phys_ram_end = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
> > if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL))
> > phys_ram_base = memblock_start_of_DRAM();
> > +
> > + /*
> > + * In 64-bit, any use of __va/__pa before this point is wrong as we
> > + * did not know the start of DRAM before.
> > + */
> > + if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))
> > + kernel_map.va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - phys_ram_base;
> > +
> > /*
> > * memblock allocator is not aware of the fact that last 4K bytes of
> > * the addressable memory can not be mapped because of IS_ERR_VALUE
> > @@ -667,9 +675,16 @@ void __init create_pgd_mapping(pgd_t *pgdp,
> >
> > static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size)
> > {
> > - /* Upgrade to PMD_SIZE mappings whenever possible */
> > - base &= PMD_SIZE - 1;
> > - if (!base && size >= PMD_SIZE)
> > + if (!(base & (PGDIR_SIZE - 1)) && size >= PGDIR_SIZE)
> > + return PGDIR_SIZE;
> > +
> > + if (!(base & (P4D_SIZE - 1)) && size >= P4D_SIZE)
> > + return P4D_SIZE;
> > +
> > + if (!(base & (PUD_SIZE - 1)) && size >= PUD_SIZE)
> > + return PUD_SIZE;
> > +
> > + if (!(base & (PMD_SIZE - 1)) && size >= PMD_SIZE)
> > return PMD_SIZE;
> >
> > return PAGE_SIZE;
> > @@ -978,11 +993,22 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
> > set_satp_mode();
> > #endif
> >
> > - kernel_map.va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - kernel_map.phys_addr;
> > + /*
> > + * In 64-bit, we defer the setup of va_pa_offset to setup_bootmem,
> > + * where we have the system memory layout: this allows us to align
> > + * the physical and virtual mappings and then make use of PUD/P4D/PGD
> > + * for the linear mapping. This is only possible because the kernel
> > + * mapping lies outside the linear mapping.
> > + * In 32-bit however, as the kernel resides in the linear mapping,
> > + * setup_vm_final can not change the mapping established here,
> > + * otherwise the same kernel addresses would get mapped to different
> > + * physical addresses (if the start of dram is different from the
> > + * kernel physical address start).
> > + */
> > + kernel_map.va_pa_offset = IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT) ?
> > + 0UL : PAGE_OFFSET - kernel_map.phys_addr;
> > kernel_map.va_kernel_pa_offset = kernel_map.virt_addr - kernel_map.phys_addr;
> >
> > - phys_ram_base = kernel_map.phys_addr;
> > -
> > /*
> > * The default maximal physical memory size is KERN_VIRT_SIZE for 32-bit
> > * kernel, whereas for 64-bit kernel, the end of the virtual address
> > @@ -1106,6 +1132,17 @@ static void __init create_linear_mapping_page_table(void)
> > phys_addr_t start, end;
> > u64 i;
> >
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
> > + phys_addr_t ktext_start = __pa_symbol(_start);
> > + phys_addr_t ktext_size = __init_data_begin - _start;
> > + phys_addr_t krodata_start = __pa_symbol(__start_rodata);
> > + phys_addr_t krodata_size = _data - __start_rodata;
> > +
> > + /* Isolate kernel text and rodata so they don't get mapped with a PUD */
> > + memblock_mark_nomap(ktext_start, ktext_size);
> > + memblock_mark_nomap(krodata_start, krodata_size);
> > +#endif
> > +
> > /* Map all memory banks in the linear mapping */
> > for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
> > if (start >= end)
> > @@ -1118,6 +1155,15 @@ static void __init create_linear_mapping_page_table(void)
> >
> > create_linear_mapping_range(start, end);
> > }
> > +
> > +#ifdef CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
> > + create_linear_mapping_range(ktext_start, ktext_start + ktext_size);
> > + create_linear_mapping_range(krodata_start,
> > + krodata_start + krodata_size);
>
> Just for my own education, it looks to me like the rodata is left writable
> until the end of start_kernel(), when mark_rodata_ro() is called. Is that
> correct?
Yes, right before init is triggered, certainly that late because the
rodata section embeds the "__ro_after_init" variables.
>
> Thanks,
> drew
>
> > +
> > + memblock_clear_nomap(ktext_start, ktext_size);
> > + memblock_clear_nomap(krodata_start, krodata_size);
> > +#endif
> > }
> >
> > static void __init setup_vm_final(void)
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c b/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c
> > index 9b18bda74154..18706f457da7 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/mm/physaddr.c
> > @@ -33,3 +33,19 @@ phys_addr_t __phys_addr_symbol(unsigned long x)
> > return __va_to_pa_nodebug(x);
> > }
> > EXPORT_SYMBOL(__phys_addr_symbol);
> > +
> > +phys_addr_t linear_mapping_va_to_pa(unsigned long x)
> > +{
> > + BUG_ON(!kernel_map.va_pa_offset);
> > +
> > + return ((unsigned long)(x) - kernel_map.va_pa_offset);
> > +}
> > +EXPORT_SYMBOL(linear_mapping_va_to_pa);
> > +
> > +void *linear_mapping_pa_to_va(unsigned long x)
> > +{
> > + BUG_ON(!kernel_map.va_pa_offset);
> > +
> > + return ((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + kernel_map.va_pa_offset));
> > +}
> > +EXPORT_SYMBOL(linear_mapping_pa_to_va);
> > diff --git a/drivers/of/fdt.c b/drivers/of/fdt.c
> > index d1a68b6d03b3..d14735a81301 100644
> > --- a/drivers/of/fdt.c
> > +++ b/drivers/of/fdt.c
> > @@ -887,12 +887,13 @@ const void * __init of_flat_dt_match_machine(const void *default_match,
> > static void __early_init_dt_declare_initrd(unsigned long start,
> > unsigned long end)
> > {
> > - /* ARM64 would cause a BUG to occur here when CONFIG_DEBUG_VM is
> > - * enabled since __va() is called too early. ARM64 does make use
> > - * of phys_initrd_start/phys_initrd_size so we can skip this
> > - * conversion.
> > + /*
> > + * __va() is not yet available this early on some platforms. In that
> > + * case, the platform uses phys_initrd_start/phys_initrd_size instead
> > + * and does the VA conversion itself.
> > */
> > - if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64)) {
> > + if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64) &&
> > + !(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RISCV) && IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_64BIT))) {
> > initrd_start = (unsigned long)__va(start);
> > initrd_end = (unsigned long)__va(end);
> > initrd_below_start_ok = 1;
> > --
> > 2.37.2
> >
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