[PATCH v3 4/5] arm64: add KASAN support
Andrey Ryabinin
a.ryabinin at samsung.com
Wed Jul 22 03:30:36 PDT 2015
This patch adds arch specific code for kernel address sanitizer
(see Documentation/kasan.txt).
1/8 of kernel addresses reserved for shadow memory. There was no
big enough hole for this, so virtual addresses for shadow were
stolen from vmalloc area.
At early boot stage the whole shadow region populated with just
one physical page (kasan_zero_page). Later, this page reused
as readonly zero shadow for some memory that KASan currently
don't track (vmalloc).
After mapping the physical memory, pages for shadow memory are
allocated and mapped.
Functions like memset/memmove/memcpy do a lot of memory accesses.
If bad pointer passed to one of these function it is important
to catch this. Compiler's instrumentation cannot do this since
these functions are written in assembly.
KASan replaces memory functions with manually instrumented variants.
Original functions declared as weak symbols so strong definitions
in mm/kasan/kasan.c could replace them. Original functions have aliases
with '__' prefix in name, so we could call non-instrumented variant
if needed.
Some files built without kasan instrumentation (e.g. mm/slub.c).
Original mem* function replaced (via #define) with prefixed variants
to disable memory access checks for such files.
Signed-off-by: Andrey Ryabinin <a.ryabinin at samsung.com>
Tested-by: Linus Walleij <linus.walleij at linaro.org>
---
arch/arm64/Kconfig | 17 ++++
arch/arm64/include/asm/kasan.h | 24 ++++++
arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h | 7 ++
arch/arm64/include/asm/string.h | 16 ++++
arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c | 3 +
arch/arm64/kernel/head.S | 3 +
arch/arm64/kernel/module.c | 16 +++-
arch/arm64/kernel/setup.c | 2 +
arch/arm64/lib/memcpy.S | 3 +
arch/arm64/lib/memmove.S | 7 +-
arch/arm64/lib/memset.S | 3 +
arch/arm64/mm/Makefile | 3 +
arch/arm64/mm/kasan_init.c | 176 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
13 files changed, 275 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 arch/arm64/include/asm/kasan.h
create mode 100644 arch/arm64/mm/kasan_init.c
diff --git a/arch/arm64/Kconfig b/arch/arm64/Kconfig
index 318175f..61ebb7c 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/arm64/Kconfig
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ config ARM64
select HAVE_ARCH_AUDITSYSCALL
select HAVE_ARCH_BITREVERSE
select HAVE_ARCH_JUMP_LABEL
+ select HAVE_ARCH_KASAN if SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP
select HAVE_ARCH_KGDB
select HAVE_ARCH_SECCOMP_FILTER
select HAVE_ARCH_TRACEHOOK
@@ -122,6 +123,22 @@ config GENERIC_CSUM
config GENERIC_CALIBRATE_DELAY
def_bool y
+config KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET
+ hex
+ depends on KASAN
+ default 0xdfff200000000000 if ARM64_VA_BITS_48
+ default 0xdffffc8000000000 if ARM64_VA_BITS_42
+ default 0xdfffff9000000000 if ARM64_VA_BITS_39
+ help
+ This value used to address to corresponding shadow address
+ by the following formula:
+ shadow_addr = (address >> 3) + KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET;
+
+ (1 << 61) shadow addresses - [KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET,KASAN_SHADOW_END]
+ cover all 64-bits of virtual addresses. So KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET
+ should satisfy the following equation:
+ KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET = KASAN_SHADOW_END - (1ULL << 61)
+
config ZONE_DMA
def_bool y
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/kasan.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kasan.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..914dc72
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/kasan.h
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#ifndef __ASM_KASAN_H
+#define __ASM_KASAN_H
+
+#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
+
+#include <asm/memory.h>
+
+/*
+ * KASAN_SHADOW_START: beginning of the kernel virtual addresses.
+ * KASAN_SHADOW_END: KASAN_SHADOW_START + 1/8 of kernel virtual addresses.
+ */
+#define KASAN_SHADOW_START (VA_START)
+#define KASAN_SHADOW_END (KASAN_SHADOW_START + (1UL << (VA_BITS - 3)))
+
+void kasan_init(void);
+
+#else
+static inline void kasan_init(void) { }
+#endif
+
+#endif
+#endif
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h
index a1f9f61..a071da4 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/pgtable.h
@@ -40,7 +40,14 @@
* fixed mappings and modules
*/
#define VMEMMAP_SIZE ALIGN((1UL << (VA_BITS - PAGE_SHIFT)) * sizeof(struct page), PUD_SIZE)
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_KASAN
#define VMALLOC_START (VA_START)
+#else
+#include <asm/kasan.h>
+#define VMALLOC_START (KASAN_SHADOW_END + SZ_64K)
+#endif
+
#define VMALLOC_END (PAGE_OFFSET - PUD_SIZE - VMEMMAP_SIZE - SZ_64K)
#define vmemmap ((struct page *)(VMALLOC_END + SZ_64K))
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/string.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/string.h
index 64d2d48..2eb714c 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/string.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/string.h
@@ -36,17 +36,33 @@ extern __kernel_size_t strnlen(const char *, __kernel_size_t);
#define __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCPY
extern void *memcpy(void *, const void *, __kernel_size_t);
+extern void *__memcpy(void *, const void *, __kernel_size_t);
#define __HAVE_ARCH_MEMMOVE
extern void *memmove(void *, const void *, __kernel_size_t);
+extern void *__memmove(void *, const void *, __kernel_size_t);
#define __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCHR
extern void *memchr(const void *, int, __kernel_size_t);
#define __HAVE_ARCH_MEMSET
extern void *memset(void *, int, __kernel_size_t);
+extern void *__memset(void *, int, __kernel_size_t);
#define __HAVE_ARCH_MEMCMP
extern int memcmp(const void *, const void *, size_t);
+
+#if defined(CONFIG_KASAN) && !defined(__SANITIZE_ADDRESS__)
+
+/*
+ * For files that are not instrumented (e.g. mm/slub.c) we
+ * should use not instrumented version of mem* functions.
+ */
+
+#define memcpy(dst, src, len) __memcpy(dst, src, len)
+#define memmove(dst, src, len) __memmove(dst, src, len)
+#define memset(s, c, n) __memset(s, c, n)
+#endif
+
#endif
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c
index a85843d..3b6d8cc 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(strnlen);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memset);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memcpy);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memmove);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__memset);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__memcpy);
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(__memmove);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memchr);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memcmp);
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/head.S b/arch/arm64/kernel/head.S
index c0ff3ce..945bd6d 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/head.S
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/head.S
@@ -449,6 +449,9 @@ __mmap_switched:
str_l x21, __fdt_pointer, x5 // Save FDT pointer
str_l x24, memstart_addr, x6 // Save PHYS_OFFSET
mov x29, #0
+#ifdef CONFIG_KASAN
+ bl kasan_early_init
+#endif
b start_kernel
ENDPROC(__mmap_switched)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/module.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/module.c
index 67bf410..7d90c0f 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/module.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/module.c
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/elf.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
+#include <linux/kasan.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/moduleloader.h>
@@ -34,9 +35,18 @@
void *module_alloc(unsigned long size)
{
- return __vmalloc_node_range(size, 1, MODULES_VADDR, MODULES_END,
- GFP_KERNEL, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC, 0,
- NUMA_NO_NODE, __builtin_return_address(0));
+ void *p;
+
+ p = __vmalloc_node_range(size, MODULE_ALIGN, MODULES_VADDR, MODULES_END,
+ GFP_KERNEL, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC, 0,
+ NUMA_NO_NODE, __builtin_return_address(0));
+
+ if (p && (kasan_module_alloc(p, size) < 0)) {
+ vfree(p);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ return p;
}
enum aarch64_reloc_op {
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/setup.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/setup.c
index f3067d4..bf82ab8 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/setup.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/setup.c
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
#include <asm/elf.h>
#include <asm/cpufeature.h>
#include <asm/cpu_ops.h>
+#include <asm/kasan.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/smp_plat.h>
@@ -392,6 +393,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
acpi_boot_table_init();
paging_init();
+ kasan_init();
request_standard_resources();
early_ioremap_reset();
diff --git a/arch/arm64/lib/memcpy.S b/arch/arm64/lib/memcpy.S
index 8a9a96d..42cc4b7 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/lib/memcpy.S
+++ b/arch/arm64/lib/memcpy.S
@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ C_h .req x12
D_l .req x13
D_h .req x14
+ .weak memcpy
+ENTRY(__memcpy)
ENTRY(memcpy)
mov dst, dstin
cmp count, #16
@@ -199,3 +201,4 @@ ENTRY(memcpy)
b.ne .Ltail63
ret
ENDPROC(memcpy)
+ENDPROC(__memcpy)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/lib/memmove.S b/arch/arm64/lib/memmove.S
index 57b19ea..8819433 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/lib/memmove.S
+++ b/arch/arm64/lib/memmove.S
@@ -57,12 +57,14 @@ C_h .req x12
D_l .req x13
D_h .req x14
+ .weak memmove
+ENTRY(__memmove)
ENTRY(memmove)
cmp dstin, src
- b.lo memcpy
+ b.lo __memcpy
add tmp1, src, count
cmp dstin, tmp1
- b.hs memcpy /* No overlap. */
+ b.hs __memcpy /* No overlap. */
add dst, dstin, count
add src, src, count
@@ -195,3 +197,4 @@ ENTRY(memmove)
b.ne .Ltail63
ret
ENDPROC(memmove)
+ENDPROC(__memmove)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/lib/memset.S b/arch/arm64/lib/memset.S
index 7c72dfd..edc0e7d 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/lib/memset.S
+++ b/arch/arm64/lib/memset.S
@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ dst .req x8
tmp3w .req w9
tmp3 .req x9
+ .weak memset
+ENTRY(__memset)
ENTRY(memset)
mov dst, dstin /* Preserve return value. */
and A_lw, val, #255
@@ -214,3 +216,4 @@ ENTRY(memset)
b.ne .Ltail_maybe_long
ret
ENDPROC(memset)
+ENDPROC(__memset)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/Makefile b/arch/arm64/mm/Makefile
index 773d37a..57f57fd 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/mm/Makefile
+++ b/arch/arm64/mm/Makefile
@@ -4,3 +4,6 @@ obj-y := dma-mapping.o extable.o fault.o init.o \
context.o proc.o pageattr.o
obj-$(CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE) += hugetlbpage.o
obj-$(CONFIG_ARM64_PTDUMP) += dump.o
+
+obj-$(CONFIG_KASAN) += kasan_init.o
+KASAN_SANITIZE_kasan_init.o := n
diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/kasan_init.c b/arch/arm64/mm/kasan_init.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e67453
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm64/mm/kasan_init.c
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+#define pr_fmt(fmt) "kasan: " fmt
+#include <linux/kasan.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/memblock.h>
+#include <linux/start_kernel.h>
+
+#include <asm/page.h>
+#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
+#include <asm/pgtable.h>
+#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
+
+/*
+ * This page serves two purposes:
+ * - It used as early shadow memory. The entire shadow region populated
+ * with this page, before we will be able to setup normal shadow memory.
+ * - Latter it reused it as zero shadow to cover large ranges of memory
+ * that allowed to access, but not handled by kasan (vmalloc/vmemmap ...).
+ */
+unsigned char kasan_zero_page[PAGE_SIZE] __page_aligned_bss;
+
+static pgd_t tmp_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __initdata __aligned(PGD_SIZE);
+
+#if CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS > 3
+pud_t kasan_zero_pud[PTRS_PER_PUD] __page_aligned_bss;
+#endif
+#if CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS > 2
+pmd_t kasan_zero_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __page_aligned_bss;
+#endif
+pte_t kasan_zero_pte[PTRS_PER_PTE] __page_aligned_bss;
+
+static void __init kasan_early_pte_populate(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr,
+ unsigned long end)
+{
+ pte_t *pte;
+ unsigned long next;
+
+ if (pmd_none(*pmd))
+ pmd_populate_kernel(&init_mm, pmd, kasan_zero_pte);
+
+ pte = pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr);
+ do {
+ next = addr + PAGE_SIZE;
+ set_pte(pte, pfn_pte(virt_to_pfn(kasan_zero_page),
+ PAGE_KERNEL));
+ } while (pte++, addr = next, addr != end && pte_none(*pte));
+}
+
+static void __init kasan_early_pmd_populate(pud_t *pud,
+ unsigned long addr,
+ unsigned long end)
+{
+ pmd_t *pmd;
+ unsigned long next;
+
+ if (pud_none(*pud))
+ pud_populate(&init_mm, pud, kasan_zero_pmd);
+
+ pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
+ do {
+ next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
+ kasan_early_pte_populate(pmd, addr, next);
+ } while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end && pmd_none(*pmd));
+}
+
+static void __init kasan_early_pud_populate(pgd_t *pgd,
+ unsigned long addr,
+ unsigned long end)
+{
+ pud_t *pud;
+ unsigned long next;
+
+ if (pgd_none(*pgd))
+ pgd_populate(&init_mm, pgd, kasan_zero_pud);
+
+ pud = pud_offset(pgd, addr);
+ do {
+ next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
+ kasan_early_pmd_populate(pud, addr, next);
+ } while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end && pud_none(*pud));
+}
+
+static void __init kasan_map_early_shadow(void)
+{
+ unsigned long addr = KASAN_SHADOW_START;
+ unsigned long end = KASAN_SHADOW_END;
+ unsigned long next;
+ pgd_t *pgd;
+
+ pgd = pgd_offset_k(addr);
+ do {
+ next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
+ kasan_early_pud_populate(pgd, addr, next);
+ } while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
+}
+
+void __init kasan_early_init(void)
+{
+ BUILD_BUG_ON(KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET != KASAN_SHADOW_END - (1UL << 61));
+ BUILD_BUG_ON(!IS_ALIGNED(KASAN_SHADOW_START, PGDIR_SIZE));
+ BUILD_BUG_ON(!IS_ALIGNED(KASAN_SHADOW_END, PGDIR_SIZE));
+ kasan_map_early_shadow();
+}
+
+static void __init clear_pgds(unsigned long start,
+ unsigned long end)
+{
+ /*
+ * Remove references to kasan page tables from
+ * swapper_pg_dir. pgd_clear() can't be used
+ * here because it's nop on 2,3-level pagetable setups
+ */
+ for (; start && start < end; start += PGDIR_SIZE)
+ set_pgd(pgd_offset_k(start), __pgd(0));
+}
+
+static void __init cpu_set_ttbr1(unsigned long ttbr1)
+{
+ asm(
+ " msr ttbr1_el1, %0\n"
+ " isb"
+ :
+ : "r" (ttbr1));
+}
+
+void __init kasan_init(void)
+{
+ struct memblock_region *reg;
+
+ /*
+ * We are going to perform proper setup of shadow memory.
+ * At first we should unmap early shadow (clear_pgds() call bellow).
+ * However, instrumented code couldn't execute without shadow memory.
+ * tmp_pg_dir used to keep early shadow mapped until full shadow
+ * setup will be finished.
+ */
+ memcpy(tmp_pg_dir, swapper_pg_dir, sizeof(tmp_pg_dir));
+ cpu_set_ttbr1(__pa(tmp_pg_dir));
+ flush_tlb_all();
+
+ clear_pgds(KASAN_SHADOW_START, KASAN_SHADOW_END);
+
+ kasan_populate_zero_shadow((void *)KASAN_SHADOW_START,
+ kasan_mem_to_shadow((void *)MODULES_VADDR));
+
+ for_each_memblock(memory, reg) {
+ void *start = (void *)__phys_to_virt(reg->base);
+ void *end = (void *)__phys_to_virt(reg->base + reg->size);
+
+ if (start >= end)
+ break;
+
+ /*
+ * end + 1 here is intentional. We check several shadow bytes in
+ * advance to slightly speed up fastpath. In some rare cases
+ * we could cross boundary of mapped shadow, so we just map
+ * some more here.
+ */
+ vmemmap_populate((unsigned long)kasan_mem_to_shadow(start),
+ (unsigned long)kasan_mem_to_shadow(end) + 1,
+ pfn_to_nid(virt_to_pfn(start)));
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Stack instrumentation writes to shadow memory
+ * marking redzones around stack variables. So
+ * at this point kasan_zero_page will be poisoned
+ * with non-zero values. Wipe them out.
+ */
+ memset(kasan_zero_page, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
+ cpu_set_ttbr1(__pa(swapper_pg_dir));
+ flush_tlb_all();
+
+ /* At this point kasan is fully initialized. Enable error messages */
+ init_task.kasan_depth = 0;
+ pr_info("Kernel address sanitizer initialized\n");
+}
--
2.4.5
More information about the linux-arm-kernel
mailing list