The whole computer hard resets when trying to load ath12k driver in a KVM VM

Nazar Mokrynskyi nazar at mokrynskyi.com
Wed Aug 20 14:15:54 PDT 2025


Hi,

I have a QCN9274-based Wi-Fi module that I want to use with OpenWrt under KVM VM (libvirtd, vfio).
I used various Qualcomm modules this way with ath10k and ath11k in the past successfully, but ath12k seems to be buggy.

Two cases:
* if host already loaded ath12k, then starting a VM with the PCIe device passthrough triggers immediate hard reset of the machine
* if I bind the device to vfio-pci on the host, I can boot the VM, but it inevitably hard resets the machine when ath12k starts loading (presence of the correct board file does not matter, it doesn't seem reach that stage)

In the second case, which I'm primarily interested in, the the following lines are the only thing I can capture before host hard resets:

> 0000:01:00.0: MSI vectors: 1
> 0000:01:00.0: Hardware name: qcn9274 hw2.0
And when machine reboots, BIOS prints:
> Warning: PCI-Express PERR/SERR error detected.
I'm not really sure what this is, but I think it should be trivial to reproduce.
Looks like either driver or onboard firmware issue?
Open to do more testing and provide additional info.

All information I have so far is on the forum here: https://forum.openwrt.org/t/qcn9274-crashes-the-system-during-driver-load/239491?u=nazar-pc

-- 
Sincerely, Nazar Mokrynskyi
github.com/nazar-pc




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