[RFC PATCH v2 00/12] spi: cadence-quadspi: add PHY tuning support

[Santhosh Kumar K]

This series implements PHY tuning support for the Cadence QSPI controller to
enable reliable high-speed operations. Without PHY tuning, controllers use
conservative timing that limits the performance. PHY tuning calibrates RX/TX
delay lines to find optimal data capture timing windows, enabling operation up
to the controller's maximum frequency.

Background:
High-speed SPI memory controllers require precise timing calibration for
reliable operation. At higher frequencies, board-to-board variations make
fixed timing parameters inadequate. The Cadence QSPI controller includes
a PHY interface with programmable delay lines (0-127 taps) for RX and TX
paths, but these require runtime calibration to find the valid timing window.

Approach:
Add SDR/DDR PHY tuning algorithms for the Cadence controller:

SDR Mode Tuning (1D search):
- Searches for two consecutive valid RX delay windows
- Selects the larger window and uses its midpoint for maximum margin
- TX delay fixed at maximum (127) as it's less critical in SDR

DDR Mode Tuning (2D search):
- Finds RX boundaries (rxlow/rxhigh) using TX window sweeps
- Finds TX boundaries (txlow/txhigh) at fixed RX positions
- Defines valid region corners and detects gaps via binary search
- Applies temperature compensation for optimal point selection
- Handles single or dual passing regions with different strategies

DQS Support:
- Adds optional DQS (Data Strobe) mode for improved timing margins
- Configures read data capture to use dedicated strobe signal

Patch description:
Infrastructure (1-5):
- Patch 1:   Add DT binding for spi-has-dqs property
- Patch 2:   Implement spi_mem_execute_tuning() API in SPI core
- Patch 3-5: Refactor and integrate tuning in MTD SPI-NAND/NOR layers and call
             tuning during probe

Cadence QSPI Implementation (6-12):
- Patch 6-8: Preparatory refactoring and DQS support
- Patch 9:   Add PHY tuning infrastructure with placeholders
- Patch 10:  Implement complete SDR/DDR tuning algorithms
- Patch 11:  Restrict PHY frequency to calibrated operations only
- Patch 12:  Enable PHY for direct memory-mapped reads and large writes

Testing:
This series was tested on TI's
AM62A SK with OSPI NAND flash and
AM62P SK with OSPI NOR flash:

Read throughput:
|-------------------------------------|
|           | without PHY | with PHY  |
|-------------------------------------|           
|OSPI NOR   | 37.5 MB/s   | 216 MB/s  |
|-------------------------------------|
|OSPI NAND  | 9.2 MB/s    | 35.1 MB/s |
|-------------------------------------|

Write throughput:
|-------------------------------------|
|           | without PHY | with PHY  |
|-------------------------------------|           
|OSPI NAND  | 6 MB/s      | 9.2 MB/s  |
|-------------------------------------|

Test log: https://gist.github.com/santhosh21/baab9e1c003c8e685dd6202f5c2f23de
Repo: https://github.com/santhosh21/linux/commits/phy_rfc_v2_review

Changes in v2:
 - Restructure the .execute_tuning() call from spi-mem clients instead of mtdcore
with best read_op and write_op (optional) passed
 - Add compatible-specific .execute_tuning() call which can be called by
spi_mem_execute_tuning() if exists
 - Handle tuning requirement check by controller instead of spi-mem clients
 - Add support to write the phy_pattern to cache if relevant write_op is passed
or get the partition offset which contains the phy_pattern
 - Add tuning algorithm for DDR mode
 - Add support for DQS
 - Restrict PHY frequency to tuned operations
 - Link to v1: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-spi/20250811193219.731851-1-s-k6@ti.com/

Signed-off-by: Santhosh Kumar K <s-k6 at ti.com>

Pratyush Yadav (1):
  mtd: spi-nor: extract read operation setup into helper

Santhosh Kumar K (11):
  spi: dt-bindings: add spi-has-dqs property
  spi: spi-mem: add controller tuning support
  mtd: spinand: perform controller tuning during probe
  mtd: spi-nor: perform controller tuning during probe
  spi: cadence-quadspi: move cqspi_readdata_capture earlier
  spi: cadence-quadspi: add DQS support to read data capture
  spi: cadence-quadspi: read 'has-dqs' DT property
  spi: cadence-quadspi: add PHY tuning infrastructure
  spi: cadence-quadspi: implement PHY tuning algorithm
  spi: cadence-quadspi: restrict PHY frequency to tuned operations
  spi: cadence-quadspi: enable PHY for direct reads and writes

 .../bindings/spi/spi-peripheral-props.yaml    |    6 +
 drivers/mtd/nand/spi/core.c                   |   14 +
 drivers/mtd/spi-nor/core.c                    |   71 +-
 drivers/spi/spi-cadence-quadspi.c             | 2060 ++++++++++++++++-
 drivers/spi/spi-mem.c                         |   34 +
 include/linux/spi/spi-mem.h                   |    5 +
 6 files changed, 2102 insertions(+), 88 deletions(-)

-- 
2.34.1