[PATCH v9 11/22] KVM: arm64: Set up MDCR_EL2 to handle a Partitioned PMU

Colton Lewis coltonlewis at google.com
Thu Sep 24 10:29:17 PDT 2026


Set up MDCR_EL2 to handle a Partitioned PMU. If partitioned, set the
HPME, HPMD, and HCCD bits. If we have the ability to use Fine Grain
Traps (FEAT_FGT) also, unset the TPM and TPMCR bits that trap all PMU
accesses and set HPMN to the correct number of guest counters so
hardware enforces the right values.

Protect vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 updates with local_irq_save() to prevent
races against PMU interrupt handlers modifying MDCR_EL2.HPME.

Signed-off-by: Colton Lewis <coltonlewis at google.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kvm/debug.c | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
 1 file changed, 35 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/debug.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/debug.c
index f4d7b12045e8f..a722fd4594e09 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/debug.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/debug.c
@@ -37,14 +37,16 @@ static int cpu_has_spe(u64 dfr0)
  */
 static void kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	preempt_disable();
+	unsigned long flags;
+
+	local_irq_save(flags);
 
 	/*
 	 * This also clears MDCR_EL2_E2PB_MASK and MDCR_EL2_E2TB_MASK
 	 * to disable guest access to the profiling and trace buffers
 	 */
-	vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 = FIELD_PREP(MDCR_EL2_HPMN,
-					 *host_data_ptr(nr_event_counters));
+
+	vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 = FIELD_PREP(MDCR_EL2_HPMN, *host_data_ptr(nr_event_counters));
 	vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= (MDCR_EL2_TPM |
 				MDCR_EL2_TPMS |
 				MDCR_EL2_TTRF |
@@ -52,6 +54,35 @@ static void kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 				MDCR_EL2_TDRA |
 				MDCR_EL2_TDOSA);
 
+	if (kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(vcpu->kvm)) {
+		u8 nr_guest_cntr = vcpu->kvm->arch.nr_pmu_counters;
+		u64 hpmn = FIELD_GET(MDCR_EL2_HPMN, read_sysreg(mdcr_el2));
+		bool hpme;
+
+		if (hpmn < *host_data_ptr(nr_event_counters))
+			hpme = !!(read_sysreg(mdcr_el2) & MDCR_EL2_HPME);
+		else
+			hpme = !!(read_sysreg(pmcr_el0) & ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_E);
+
+		vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= (MDCR_EL2_HPMD | MDCR_EL2_HCCD);
+		if (hpme)
+			vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= MDCR_EL2_HPME;
+
+		/*
+		 * Take out the coarse grain traps if we are using
+		 * fine grain traps and enforce counter access with
+		 * HPMN.
+		 */
+		if (!vcpu_on_unsupported_cpu(vcpu) &&
+		    (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_HPMN0) || nr_guest_cntr > 0)) {
+			vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 &= ~MDCR_EL2_HPMN;
+			vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 |= FIELD_PREP(MDCR_EL2_HPMN, nr_guest_cntr);
+
+			if (cpus_have_final_cap(ARM64_HAS_FGT))
+				vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2 &= ~(MDCR_EL2_TPM | MDCR_EL2_TPMCR);
+		}
+	}
+
 	/* Is the VM being debugged by userspace? */
 	if (vcpu->guest_debug)
 		/* Route all software debug exceptions to EL2 */
@@ -70,7 +101,7 @@ static void kvm_arm_setup_mdcr_el2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	if (has_vhe())
 		write_sysreg(vcpu->arch.mdcr_el2, mdcr_el2);
 
-	preempt_enable();
+	local_irq_restore(flags);
 }
 
 void kvm_init_host_debug_data(void)
-- 
2.56.0.rc1.310.g51773c2048-goog




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