[PATCH v6 06/19] perf: arm_pmuv3: Keep out of guest counter partition

Colton Lewis coltonlewis at google.com
Wed Feb 25 09:53:44 PST 2026


Colton Lewis <coltonlewis at google.com> writes:

> If the PMU is partitioned, keep the driver out of the guest counter
> partition and only use the host counter partition.

> Define some functions that determine whether the PMU is partitioned
> and construct mutually exclusive bitmaps for testing which partition a
> particular counter is in. Note that despite their separate position in
> the bitmap, the cycle and instruction counters are always in the guest
> partition.

> Signed-off-by: Colton Lewis <coltonlewis at google.com>
> ---
>   arch/arm/include/asm/arm_pmuv3.h | 18 +++++++
>   arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-direct.c      | 86 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>   drivers/perf/arm_pmuv3.c         | 40 +++++++++++++--
>   include/kvm/arm_pmu.h            | 24 +++++++++
>   4 files changed, 164 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

> diff --git a/arch/arm/include/asm/arm_pmuv3.h  
> b/arch/arm/include/asm/arm_pmuv3.h
> index 154503f054886..bed4dfa755681 100644
> --- a/arch/arm/include/asm/arm_pmuv3.h
> +++ b/arch/arm/include/asm/arm_pmuv3.h
> @@ -231,6 +231,24 @@ static inline bool kvm_set_pmuserenr(u64 val)
>   }

>   static inline void kvm_vcpu_pmu_resync_el0(void) {}
> +static inline void kvm_pmu_host_counters_enable(void) {}
> +static inline void kvm_pmu_host_counters_disable(void) {}
> +
> +static inline bool kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(struct arm_pmu *pmu)
> +{
> +	return false;
> +}
> +
> +static inline u64 kvm_pmu_host_counter_mask(struct arm_pmu *pmu)
> +{
> +	return ~0;
> +}
> +
> +static inline u64 kvm_pmu_guest_counter_mask(struct arm_pmu *pmu)
> +{
> +	return ~0;
> +}
> +

>   /* PMU Version in DFR Register */
>   #define ARMV8_PMU_DFR_VER_NI        0
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-direct.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-direct.c
> index 74e40e4915416..05ac38ec3ea20 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-direct.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-direct.c
> @@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
>    */

>   #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
> +#include <linux/perf/arm_pmu.h>
> +#include <linux/perf/arm_pmuv3.h>

>   #include <asm/arm_pmuv3.h>

> @@ -20,3 +22,87 @@ bool has_host_pmu_partition_support(void)
>   	return has_vhe() &&
>   		system_supports_pmuv3();
>   }
> +
> +/**
> + * kvm_pmu_is_partitioned() - Determine if given PMU is partitioned
> + * @pmu: Pointer to arm_pmu struct
> + *
> + * Determine if given PMU is partitioned by looking at hpmn field. The
> + * PMU is partitioned if this field is less than the number of
> + * counters in the system.
> + *
> + * Return: True if the PMU is partitioned, false otherwise
> + */
> +bool kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(struct arm_pmu *pmu)
> +{
> +	if (!pmu)
> +		return false;
> +
> +	return pmu->max_guest_counters >= 0 &&
> +		pmu->max_guest_counters <= *host_data_ptr(nr_event_counters);
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * kvm_pmu_host_counter_mask() - Compute bitmask of host-reserved  
> counters
> + * @pmu: Pointer to arm_pmu struct
> + *
> + * Compute the bitmask that selects the host-reserved counters in the
> + * {PMCNTEN,PMINTEN,PMOVS}{SET,CLR} registers. These are the counters
> + * in HPMN..N
> + *
> + * Return: Bitmask
> + */
> +u64 kvm_pmu_host_counter_mask(struct arm_pmu *pmu)
> +{
> +	u8 nr_counters = *host_data_ptr(nr_event_counters);
> +
> +	if (!kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(pmu))
> +		return ARMV8_PMU_CNT_MASK_ALL;
> +
> +	return GENMASK(nr_counters - 1, pmu->max_guest_counters);
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * kvm_pmu_guest_counter_mask() - Compute bitmask of guest-reserved  
> counters
> + * @pmu: Pointer to arm_pmu struct
> + *
> + * Compute the bitmask that selects the guest-reserved counters in the
> + * {PMCNTEN,PMINTEN,PMOVS}{SET,CLR} registers. These are the counters
> + * in 0..HPMN and the cycle and instruction counters.
> + *
> + * Return: Bitmask
> + */
> +u64 kvm_pmu_guest_counter_mask(struct arm_pmu *pmu)
> +{
> +	return ARMV8_PMU_CNT_MASK_C & GENMASK(pmu->max_guest_counters - 1, 0);
> +}
> +

I introduced a mistake here before sending. & should be | at
least. Letting the list know in case someone wants to try running my
series.

u64 kvm_pmu_guest_counter_mask(struct arm_pmu *pmu)
{
	if (kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(pmu))
		return ARMV8_PMU_CNT_MASK_C | GENMASK(pmu->max_guest_counters - 1, 0);

	return 0;
}

> +/**
> + * kvm_pmu_host_counters_enable() - Enable host-reserved counters
> + *
> + * When partitioned the enable bit for host-reserved counters is
> + * MDCR_EL2.HPME instead of the typical PMCR_EL0.E, which now
> + * exclusively controls the guest-reserved counters. Enable that bit.
> + */
> +void kvm_pmu_host_counters_enable(void)
> +{
> +	u64 mdcr = read_sysreg(mdcr_el2);
> +
> +	mdcr |= MDCR_EL2_HPME;
> +	write_sysreg(mdcr, mdcr_el2);
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * kvm_pmu_host_counters_disable() - Disable host-reserved counters
> + *
> + * When partitioned the disable bit for host-reserved counters is
> + * MDCR_EL2.HPME instead of the typical PMCR_EL0.E, which now
> + * exclusively controls the guest-reserved counters. Disable that bit.
> + */
> +void kvm_pmu_host_counters_disable(void)
> +{
> +	u64 mdcr = read_sysreg(mdcr_el2);
> +
> +	mdcr &= ~MDCR_EL2_HPME;
> +	write_sysreg(mdcr, mdcr_el2);
> +}
> diff --git a/drivers/perf/arm_pmuv3.c b/drivers/perf/arm_pmuv3.c
> index b37908fad3249..6395b6deb78c2 100644
> --- a/drivers/perf/arm_pmuv3.c
> +++ b/drivers/perf/arm_pmuv3.c
> @@ -871,6 +871,9 @@ static void armv8pmu_start(struct arm_pmu *cpu_pmu)
>   		brbe_enable(cpu_pmu);

>   	/* Enable all counters */
> +	if (kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(cpu_pmu))
> +		kvm_pmu_host_counters_enable();
> +
>   	armv8pmu_pmcr_write(armv8pmu_pmcr_read() | ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_E);
>   }

> @@ -882,6 +885,9 @@ static void armv8pmu_stop(struct arm_pmu *cpu_pmu)
>   		brbe_disable();

>   	/* Disable all counters */
> +	if (kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(cpu_pmu))
> +		kvm_pmu_host_counters_disable();
> +
>   	armv8pmu_pmcr_write(armv8pmu_pmcr_read() & ~ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_E);
>   }

> @@ -1028,6 +1034,12 @@ static bool armv8pmu_can_use_pmccntr(struct  
> pmu_hw_events *cpuc,
>   	if (cpu_pmu->has_smt)
>   		return false;

> +	/*
> +	 * If partitioned at all, pmccntr belongs to the guest.
> +	 */
> +	if (kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(cpu_pmu))
> +		return false;
> +
>   	return true;
>   }

> @@ -1054,6 +1066,7 @@ static int armv8pmu_get_event_idx(struct  
> pmu_hw_events *cpuc,
>   	 * may not know how to handle it.
>   	 */
>   	if ((evtype == ARMV8_PMUV3_PERFCTR_INST_RETIRED) &&
> +	    !kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(cpu_pmu) &&
>   	    !armv8pmu_event_get_threshold(&event->attr) &&
>   	    test_bit(ARMV8_PMU_INSTR_IDX, cpu_pmu->cntr_mask) &&
>   	    !armv8pmu_event_want_user_access(event)) {
> @@ -1065,7 +1078,7 @@ static int armv8pmu_get_event_idx(struct  
> pmu_hw_events *cpuc,
>   	 * Otherwise use events counters
>   	 */
>   	if (armv8pmu_event_is_chained(event))
> -		return	armv8pmu_get_chain_idx(cpuc, cpu_pmu);
> +		return armv8pmu_get_chain_idx(cpuc, cpu_pmu);
>   	else
>   		return armv8pmu_get_single_idx(cpuc, cpu_pmu);
>   }
> @@ -1177,6 +1190,14 @@ static int armv8pmu_set_event_filter(struct  
> hw_perf_event *event,
>   	return 0;
>   }

> +static void armv8pmu_reset_host_counters(struct arm_pmu *cpu_pmu)
> +{
> +	int idx;
> +
> +	for_each_set_bit(idx, cpu_pmu->cntr_mask,  
> ARMV8_PMU_MAX_GENERAL_COUNTERS)
> +		armv8pmu_write_evcntr(idx, 0);
> +}
> +
>   static void armv8pmu_reset(void *info)
>   {
>   	struct arm_pmu *cpu_pmu = (struct arm_pmu *)info;
> @@ -1184,6 +1205,9 @@ static void armv8pmu_reset(void *info)

>   	bitmap_to_arr64(&mask, cpu_pmu->cntr_mask, ARMPMU_MAX_HWEVENTS);

> +	if (kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(cpu_pmu))
> +		mask &= kvm_pmu_host_counter_mask(cpu_pmu);
> +
>   	/* The counter and interrupt enable registers are unknown at reset. */
>   	armv8pmu_disable_counter(mask);
>   	armv8pmu_disable_intens(mask);
> @@ -1196,11 +1220,19 @@ static void armv8pmu_reset(void *info)
>   		brbe_invalidate();
>   	}

> +	pmcr = ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_LC;
> +
>   	/*
> -	 * Initialize & Reset PMNC. Request overflow interrupt for
> -	 * 64 bit cycle counter but cheat in armv8pmu_write_counter().
> +	 * Initialize & Reset PMNC. Request overflow interrupt for 64
> +	 * bit cycle counter but cheat in armv8pmu_write_counter().
> +	 *
> +	 * When partitioned, there is no single bit to reset only the
> +	 * host counters. so reset them individually.
>   	 */
> -	pmcr = ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_P | ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_C | ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_LC;
> +	if (kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(cpu_pmu))
> +		armv8pmu_reset_host_counters(cpu_pmu);
> +	else
> +		pmcr = ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_P | ARMV8_PMU_PMCR_C;

>   	/* Enable long event counter support where available */
>   	if (armv8pmu_has_long_event(cpu_pmu))
> diff --git a/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h b/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h
> index e7172db1e897d..accfcb79723c8 100644
> --- a/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h
> +++ b/include/kvm/arm_pmu.h
> @@ -92,6 +92,12 @@ void kvm_vcpu_pmu_resync_el0(void);
>   #define kvm_vcpu_has_pmu(vcpu)					\
>   	(vcpu_has_feature(vcpu, KVM_ARM_VCPU_PMU_V3))

> +bool kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(struct arm_pmu *pmu);
> +u64 kvm_pmu_host_counter_mask(struct arm_pmu *pmu);
> +u64 kvm_pmu_guest_counter_mask(struct arm_pmu *pmu);
> +void kvm_pmu_host_counters_enable(void);
> +void kvm_pmu_host_counters_disable(void);
> +
>   /*
>    * Updates the vcpu's view of the pmu events for this cpu.
>    * Must be called before every vcpu run after disabling interrupts, to  
> ensure
> @@ -228,6 +234,24 @@ static inline bool kvm_pmu_counter_is_hyp(struct  
> kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned int id

>   static inline void kvm_pmu_nested_transition(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu) {}

> +static inline bool kvm_pmu_is_partitioned(void *pmu)
> +{
> +	return false;
> +}
> +
> +static inline u64 kvm_pmu_host_counter_mask(void *pmu)
> +{
> +	return ~0;
> +}
> +
> +static inline u64 kvm_pmu_guest_counter_mask(void *pmu)
> +{
> +	return ~0;
> +}
> +
> +static inline void kvm_pmu_host_counters_enable(void) {}
> +static inline void kvm_pmu_host_counters_disable(void) {}
> +
>   #endif

>   #endif
> --
> 2.53.0.rc2.204.g2597b5adb4-goog



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