[PATCH v8 9/9] PCI: endpoint: pci-ep-msi: Add embedded eDMA doorbell fallback

[Frank Li]

On Tue, Feb 17, 2026 at 05:06:01PM +0900, Koichiro Den wrote:
> Some endpoint platforms cannot use platform MSI / GIC ITS to implement
> EP-side doorbells. In those cases, EPF drivers cannot provide an
> interrupt-driven doorbell and often fall back to polling.
>
> Add an "embedded" doorbell backend that uses a controller-integrated
> doorbell target (e.g. DesignWare integrated eDMA interrupt-emulation
> doorbell).
>
> The backend locates the doorbell register and a corresponding Linux IRQ
> via the EPC aux-resource API. If the doorbell register is already
> exposed via a fixed BAR mapping, provide BAR+offset. Otherwise provide
> the physical address so EPF drivers can map it into BAR space.
>
> When MSI doorbell allocation fails with -ENODEV,
> pci_epf_alloc_doorbell() falls back to this embedded backend.
>
> Signed-off-by: Koichiro Den <den at valinux.co.jp>
> ---
Reviewed-by: Frank Li <Frank.Li at nxp.com>

> Changes since v7:
>   - Use designated initializer for consistent styling.
>   - Clean up the pci_epf_alloc_doorbell() error path.
>
>  drivers/pci/endpoint/pci-ep-msi.c | 96 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
>  1 file changed, 94 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/drivers/pci/endpoint/pci-ep-msi.c b/drivers/pci/endpoint/pci-ep-msi.c
> index 50badffa9d72..66f5a68c81b0 100644
> --- a/drivers/pci/endpoint/pci-ep-msi.c
> +++ b/drivers/pci/endpoint/pci-ep-msi.c
> @@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
>   * Author: Frank Li <Frank.Li at nxp.com>
>   */
>
> +#include <linux/cleanup.h>
>  #include <linux/device.h>
>  #include <linux/export.h>
>  #include <linux/interrupt.h>
> @@ -36,6 +37,84 @@ static void pci_epf_write_msi_msg(struct msi_desc *desc, struct msi_msg *msg)
>  	pci_epc_put(epc);
>  }
>
> +static int pci_epf_alloc_doorbell_embedded(struct pci_epf *epf, u16 num_db)
> +{
> +	const struct pci_epc_aux_resource *doorbell = NULL;
> +	struct pci_epf_doorbell_msg *msg;
> +	struct pci_epc *epc = epf->epc;
> +	struct device *dev = &epf->dev;
> +	int count, ret, i;
> +	u64 addr;
> +
> +	count = pci_epc_get_aux_resources(epc, epf->func_no, epf->vfunc_no,
> +					  NULL, 0);
> +	if (count == -EOPNOTSUPP || count == 0)
> +		return -ENODEV;
> +	if (count < 0)
> +		return count;
> +
> +	struct pci_epc_aux_resource *res __free(kfree) =
> +				kcalloc(count, sizeof(*res), GFP_KERNEL);
> +	if (!res)
> +		return -ENOMEM;
> +
> +	ret = pci_epc_get_aux_resources(epc, epf->func_no, epf->vfunc_no,
> +					res, count);
> +	if (ret == -EOPNOTSUPP || ret == 0)
> +		return -ENODEV;
> +	if (ret < 0)
> +		return ret;
> +
> +	count = ret;
> +
> +	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
> +		if (res[i].type == PCI_EPC_AUX_DOORBELL_MMIO) {
> +			if (doorbell) {
> +				dev_warn(dev,
> +					 "Duplicate DOORBELL_MMIO resource found\n");
> +				continue;
> +			}
> +			doorbell = &res[i];
> +		}
> +	}
> +	if (!doorbell)
> +		return -ENODEV;
> +
> +	msg = kcalloc(num_db, sizeof(*msg), GFP_KERNEL);
> +	if (!msg)
> +		return -ENOMEM;
> +
> +	addr = doorbell->phys_addr;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Embedded doorbell backends (e.g. DesignWare eDMA interrupt emulation)
> +	 * typically provide a single IRQ and do not offer per-doorbell
> +	 * distinguishable address/data pairs. The EPC aux resource therefore
> +	 * exposes one DOORBELL_MMIO entry (u.db_mmio.irq).
> +	 *
> +	 * Still, pci_epf_alloc_doorbell() allows requesting multiple doorbells.
> +	 * For such backends we replicate the same address/data for each entry
> +	 * and mark the IRQ as shared (IRQF_SHARED). Consumers must treat them
> +	 * as equivalent "kick" doorbells.
> +	 */
> +	for (i = 0; i < num_db; i++)
> +		msg[i] = (struct pci_epf_doorbell_msg) {
> +			.msg.address_lo = (u32)addr,
> +			.msg.address_hi = (u32)(addr >> 32),
> +			.msg.data = doorbell->u.db_mmio.data,
> +			.virq = doorbell->u.db_mmio.irq,
> +			.irq_flags = IRQF_SHARED,
> +			.type = PCI_EPF_DOORBELL_EMBEDDED,
> +			.bar = doorbell->bar,
> +			.offset = (doorbell->bar == NO_BAR) ? 0 :
> +				  doorbell->bar_offset,
> +		};
> +
> +	epf->num_db = num_db;
> +	epf->db_msg = msg;
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
>  static int pci_epf_alloc_doorbell_msi(struct pci_epf *epf, u16 num_db)
>  {
>  	struct pci_epf_doorbell_msg *msg;
> @@ -109,8 +188,21 @@ int pci_epf_alloc_doorbell(struct pci_epf *epf, u16 num_db)
>  	if (!ret)
>  		return 0;
>
> -	dev_err(dev, "Failed to allocate doorbell: %d\n", ret);
> -	return ret;
> +	/*
> +	 * Fall back to embedded doorbell only when platform MSI is unavailable
> +	 * for this EPC.
> +	 */
> +	if (ret != -ENODEV)
> +		return ret;
> +
> +	ret = pci_epf_alloc_doorbell_embedded(epf, num_db);
> +	if (ret) {
> +		dev_err(dev, "Failed to allocate doorbell: %d\n", ret);
> +		return ret;
> +	}
> +
> +	dev_info(dev, "Using embedded (DMA) doorbell fallback\n");
> +	return 0;
>  }
>  EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(pci_epf_alloc_doorbell);
>
> --
> 2.51.0
>