[PATCH v3 3/3] riscv: dts: spacemit: Add thermal sensor for K1 SoC

[Shuwei Wu]

Hi Anand,

Thank you for the careful review.

On Wed Apr 22, 2026 at 1:56 PM CST, Anand Moon wrote:
> Hi Shuwei,
>
> On Mon, 19 Jan 2026 at 08:13, Shuwei Wu <shuweiwoo at 163.com> wrote:
>>
>> Include the Thermal Sensor node in the SpacemiT K1 dtsi
>> with definitions for registers, clocks, and interrupts.
>> Additionally, configure thermal zones for the soc, package, gpu, and
>> clusters to enable temperature monitoring via the thermal framework.
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Shuwei Wu <shuweiwoo at 163.com>
>> ---
>> Changes in v2:
>> - Update compatible to "spacemit,k1-tsensor"
>> ---
>>  arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1.dtsi | 101 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>>  1 file changed, 101 insertions(+)
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1.dtsi b/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1.dtsi
>> index 7818ca4979b6..0fe7396ea6e4 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1.dtsi
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/boot/dts/spacemit/k1.dtsi
>> @@ -338,6 +338,96 @@ osc_32k: clock-32k {
>>                 };
>>         };
>>
> I feel the thermal zones appear to be configured at significantly
> higher temperatures
> compared to the thresholds typically used in commercial-grade and
> industrial-grade device
> test environments 1.2 Test Environment
>
> [1] https://www.spacemit.com/community/document/info?lang=en&nodepath=hardware/key_stone/k1/k1_hw/avl_veri_sop.md

The official definition of this temperature range is as follows:
"The CPU delivers stable and reliable computing power from -40°C to 85°C,
complying with the demanding requirements of industrial applications."

[1] https://www.spacemit.com/community/document/info?lang=en&nodepath=hardware/key_stone
/k1/k1_docs/root_overview.md

Therefore, this does not mean that the chip cannot continue to work above
this temperature.

The datasheet also defines another temperature, the Junction Temperature,
which represents the chip's temperature limit. Exceeding this temperature
may permanently damage the chip.

[2] https://www.spacemit.com/community/document/info?lang=en&nodepath=hardware/key_stone
/k1/k1_docs/k1_usermanual/4.Electrical_Characteristics.md

>
> Thermal zones should be defined as part of the SBC board design,
> with the option to integrate PWM-controlled fan support in the future.

These thermal zones describe fixed hardware properties of the K1 SoC itself,
and are common for all K1-based boards.

And this is also done in Allwinner D1, StarFive JH7110 and some other chips.

>
> Thanks
> -Anand
>> +       thermal-zones {
>> +               soc-thermal {
>> +                       polling-delay-passive = <0>;
>> +                       polling-delay = <0>;
>> +                       thermal-sensors = <&thermal 0>;
>> +
>> +                       trips {
>> +                               soc-crit {
>> +                                       temperature = <115000>;
>> +                                       hysteresis = <0>;
>> +                                       type = "critical";
>> +                               };
>> +                       };
>> +               };
>> +
>> +               package-thermal {
>> +                       polling-delay-passive = <0>;
>> +                       polling-delay = <0>;
>> +                       thermal-sensors = <&thermal 1>;
>> +
>> +                       trips {
>> +                               package-crit {
>> +                                       temperature = <115000>;
>> +                                       hysteresis = <0>;
>> +                                       type = "critical";
>> +                               };
>> +                       };
>> +               };
>> +
>> +               gpu-thermal {
>> +                       polling-delay-passive = <100>;
>> +                       polling-delay = <0>;
>> +                       thermal-sensors = <&thermal 2>;
>> +
>> +                       trips {
>> +                               gpu-alert {
>> +                                       temperature = <85000>;
>> +                                       hysteresis = <2000>;
>> +                                       type = "passive";
>> +                               };
>> +
>> +                               gpu-crit {
>> +                                       temperature = <115000>;
>> +                                       hysteresis = <0>;
>> +                                       type = "critical";
>> +                               };
>> +                       };
>> +               };
>> +
>> +               cluster0-thermal {
>> +                       polling-delay-passive = <100>;
>> +                       polling-delay = <0>;
>> +                       thermal-sensors = <&thermal 3>;
>> +
>> +                       trips {
>> +                               cluster0-alert {
>> +                                       temperature = <85000>;
>> +                                       hysteresis = <2000>;
>> +                                       type = "passive";
>> +                               };
>> +
>> +                               cluster0-crit {
>> +                                       temperature = <115000>;
>> +                                       hysteresis = <0>;
>> +                                       type = "critical";
>> +                               };
>> +                       };
>> +               };
>> +
>> +               cluster1-thermal {
>> +                       polling-delay-passive = <100>;
>> +                       polling-delay = <0>;
>> +                       thermal-sensors = <&thermal 4>;
>> +
>> +                       trips {
>> +                               cluster1-alert {
>> +                                       temperature = <85000>;
>> +                                       hysteresis = <2000>;
>> +                                       type = "passive";
>> +                               };
>> +
>> +                               cluster1-crit {
>> +                                       temperature = <115000>;
>> +                                       hysteresis = <0>;
>> +                                       type = "critical";
>> +                               };
>> +                       };
>> +               };
>> +       };
>> +
>>         soc {
>>                 compatible = "simple-bus";
>>                 interrupt-parent = <&plic>;
>> @@ -434,6 +524,17 @@ syscon_apbc: system-controller at d4015000 {
>>                         #reset-cells = <1>;
>>                 };
>>
>> +               thermal: thermal at d4018000 {
>> +                       compatible = "spacemit,k1-tsensor";
>> +                       reg = <0x0 0xd4018000 0x0 0x100>;
>> +                       clocks = <&syscon_apbc CLK_TSEN>,
>> +                                <&syscon_apbc CLK_TSEN_BUS>;
>> +                       clock-names = "core", "bus";
>> +                       interrupts = <61>;
>> +                       resets = <&syscon_apbc RESET_TSEN>;
>> +                       #thermal-sensor-cells = <1>;
>> +               };
>> +
>>                 i2c6: i2c at d4018800 {
>>                         compatible = "spacemit,k1-i2c";
>>                         reg = <0x0 0xd4018800 0x0 0x38>;
>>
>> --
>> 2.52.0
>>
>>
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-- 
Best regards,
Shuwei Wu