[PATCH v22 25/28] riscv: create a config for shadow stack and landing pad instr support

[Deepak Gupta]

On Tue, Nov 11, 2025 at 01:58:37PM +0800, Zong Li wrote:
>On Fri, Oct 24, 2025 at 12:51 AM Deepak Gupta via B4 Relay
><devnull+debug.rivosinc.com at kernel.org> wrote:
>>
>> From: Deepak Gupta <debug at rivosinc.com>
>>
>> This patch creates a config for shadow stack support and landing pad instr
>> support. Shadow stack support and landing instr support can be enabled by
>> selecting `CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI`. Selecting `CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI` wires
>> up path to enumerate CPU support and if cpu support exists, kernel will
>> support cpu assisted user mode cfi.
>>
>> If CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI is selected, select `ARCH_USES_HIGH_VMA_FLAGS`,
>> `ARCH_HAS_USER_SHADOW_STACK` and DYNAMIC_SIGFRAME for riscv.
>>
>> Reviewed-by: Zong Li <zong.li at sifive.com>
>> Signed-off-by: Deepak Gupta <debug at rivosinc.com>
>> ---
>>  arch/riscv/Kconfig                  | 22 ++++++++++++++++++++++
>>  arch/riscv/configs/hardening.config |  4 ++++
>>  2 files changed, 26 insertions(+)
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/Kconfig b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
>> index 0c6038dc5dfd..4f9f9358e6e3 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/Kconfig
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
>> @@ -1146,6 +1146,28 @@ config RANDOMIZE_BASE
>>
>>            If unsure, say N.
>>
>> +config RISCV_USER_CFI
>> +       def_bool y
>> +       bool "riscv userspace control flow integrity"
>> +       depends on 64BIT && $(cc-option,-mabi=lp64 -march=rv64ima_zicfiss) && \
>> +                           $(cc-option,-fcf-protection=full)
>
>Hi Deepak,
>I noticed that you added a $(cc-option,-fcf-protection=full) check in
>this version. I think this check will fail by a cc1 warning when using
>a newer toolchain, because -fcf-protection cannot be used alone, it
>must be specified together with the appropriate -march option.
>For example:
>  1. -fcf-protection=branch requires -march=..._zicfilp
>  2. -fcf-protection=return requires -march=..._zicfiss
>  3. -fcf-protection=full requires -march=..._zicfilp_zicfiss

toolchain that I have from June doesn't require -march=..._zicfilp_zicfiss
for -fcf-protection=full. If that has changed, I think this will need a
revision.

>
>
>> +       depends on RISCV_ALTERNATIVE
>> +       select RISCV_SBI
>> +       select ARCH_HAS_USER_SHADOW_STACK
>> +       select ARCH_USES_HIGH_VMA_FLAGS
>> +       select DYNAMIC_SIGFRAME
>> +       help
>> +         Provides CPU assisted control flow integrity to userspace tasks.
>> +         Control flow integrity is provided by implementing shadow stack for
>> +         backward edge and indirect branch tracking for forward edge in program.
>> +         Shadow stack protection is a hardware feature that detects function
>> +         return address corruption. This helps mitigate ROP attacks.
>> +         Indirect branch tracking enforces that all indirect branches must land
>> +         on a landing pad instruction else CPU will fault. This mitigates against
>> +         JOP / COP attacks. Applications must be enabled to use it, and old user-
>> +         space does not get protection "for free".
>> +         default y.
>> +
>>  endmenu # "Kernel features"
>>
>>  menu "Boot options"
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/configs/hardening.config b/arch/riscv/configs/hardening.config
>> new file mode 100644
>> index 000000000000..089f4cee82f4
>> --- /dev/null
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/configs/hardening.config
>> @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
>> +# RISCV specific kernel hardening options
>> +
>> +# Enable control flow integrity support for usermode.
>> +CONFIG_RISCV_USER_CFI=y
>>
>> --
>> 2.43.0
>>
>>