[PATCH V2 1/3] riscv: Add Zicbop instruction definitions & cpufeature
Andrew Jones
ajones at ventanamicro.com
Wed Jan 3 11:29:39 PST 2024
On Wed, Jan 03, 2024 at 03:52:00PM -0300, Leonardo Bras wrote:
> On Sun, Dec 31, 2023 at 03:29:51AM -0500, guoren at kernel.org wrote:
> > From: Guo Ren <guoren at linux.alibaba.com>
> >
> > Cache-block prefetch instructions are HINTs to the hardware to
> > indicate that software intends to perform a particular type of
> > memory access in the near future. This patch adds prefetch.i,
> > prefetch.r and prefetch.w instruction definitions by
> > RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICBOP cpufeature.
>
> Hi Guo Ren,
>
> Here it would be nice to point a documentation for ZICBOP extension:
> https://wiki.riscv.org/display/HOME/Recently+Ratified+Extensions
>
> or having a nice link for:
> https://drive.google.com/file/d/1jfzhNAk7viz4t2FLDZ5z4roA0LBggkfZ/view
>
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren at linux.alibaba.com>
> > Signed-off-by: Guo Ren <guoren at kernel.org>
> > ---
> > arch/riscv/Kconfig | 15 ++++++++
> > arch/riscv/include/asm/hwcap.h | 1 +
> > arch/riscv/include/asm/insn-def.h | 60 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c | 1 +
> > 4 files changed, 77 insertions(+)
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/Kconfig b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
> > index 24c1799e2ec4..fcbd417d65ea 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/Kconfig
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
> > @@ -579,6 +579,21 @@ config RISCV_ISA_ZICBOZ
> >
> > If you don't know what to do here, say Y.
> >
> > +config RISCV_ISA_ZICBOP
> > + bool "Zicbop extension support for cache block prefetch"
> > + depends on MMU
> > + depends on RISCV_ALTERNATIVE
> > + default y
> > + help
> > + Adds support to dynamically detect the presence of the ZICBOP
> > + extension (Cache Block Prefetch Operations) and enable its
> > + usage.
> > +
> > + The Zicbop extension can be used to prefetch cache block for
> > + read/write fetch.
> > +
> > + If you don't know what to do here, say Y.
> > +
>
> According to doc:
> "The Zicbop extension defines a set of cache-block prefetch instructions:
> PREFETCH.R, PREFETCH.W, and PREFETCH.I"
>
> So above text seems ok
>
>
> > config TOOLCHAIN_HAS_ZIHINTPAUSE
> > bool
> > default y
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/hwcap.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/hwcap.h
> > index 06d30526ef3b..77d3b6ee25ab 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/hwcap.h
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/hwcap.h
> > @@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
> > #define RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZIHPM 42
> > #define RISCV_ISA_EXT_SMSTATEEN 43
> > #define RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICOND 44
> > +#define RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICBOP 45
>
> Is this number just in kernel code, or does it mean something in the RISC-V
> documentation?
kernel
>
> >
> > #define RISCV_ISA_EXT_MAX 64
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/insn-def.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/insn-def.h
> > index e27179b26086..bbda350a63bf 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/insn-def.h
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/insn-def.h
> > @@ -18,6 +18,13 @@
> > #define INSN_I_RD_SHIFT 7
> > #define INSN_I_OPCODE_SHIFT 0
> >
> > +#define INSN_S_SIMM7_SHIFT 25
> > +#define INSN_S_RS2_SHIFT 20
> > +#define INSN_S_RS1_SHIFT 15
> > +#define INSN_S_FUNC3_SHIFT 12
> > +#define INSN_S_SIMM5_SHIFT 7
> > +#define INSN_S_OPCODE_SHIFT 0
> > +
>
> The shifts seem correct for S-Type, but I would name the IMM defines in a
> way we could understand where they fit in IMM:
>
>
> INSN_S_SIMM5_SHIFT -> INSN_S_SIMM_0_4_SHIFT
> INSN_S_SIMM7_SHIFT -> INSN_S_SIMM_5_11_SHIFT
>
> What do you think?
I'm in favor of this suggestion, but then wonder if we don't need another
patch before this which renames INSN_I_SIMM12_SHIFT to
INSN_I_SIMM_0_11_SHIFT in order to keep things consistent.
>
>
> > #ifdef __ASSEMBLY__
> >
> > #ifdef CONFIG_AS_HAS_INSN
> > @@ -30,6 +37,10 @@
> > .insn i \opcode, \func3, \rd, \rs1, \simm12
> > .endm
> >
> > + .macro insn_s, opcode, func3, rs2, simm12, rs1
> > + .insn s \opcode, \func3, \rs2, \simm12(\rs1)
> > + .endm
> > +
> > #else
> >
> > #include <asm/gpr-num.h>
> > @@ -51,10 +62,20 @@
> > (\simm12 << INSN_I_SIMM12_SHIFT))
> > .endm
> >
> > + .macro insn_s, opcode, func3, rs2, simm12, rs1
> > + .4byte ((\opcode << INSN_S_OPCODE_SHIFT) | \
> > + (\func3 << INSN_S_FUNC3_SHIFT) | \
> > + (.L__gpr_num_\rs2 << INSN_S_RS2_SHIFT) | \
> > + (.L__gpr_num_\rs1 << INSN_S_RS1_SHIFT) | \
> > + ((\simm12 & 0x1f) << INSN_S_SIMM5_SHIFT) | \
> > + (((\simm12 >> 5) & 0x7f) << INSN_S_SIMM7_SHIFT))
> > + .endm
> > +
> > #endif
> >
> > #define __INSN_R(...) insn_r __VA_ARGS__
> > #define __INSN_I(...) insn_i __VA_ARGS__
> > +#define __INSN_S(...) insn_s __VA_ARGS__
>
> As a curiosity: It's quite odd to have prefetch.{i,r,w} to be an S-Type
> instruction, given this type was supposed to be for store instructions.
>
> On prefetch.{i,r,w}:
> 31 24 19 14 11 6
> imm[11:5] | PREFETCH_OP | rs1 | ORI | imm[4:0] | OP_IMM
>
> For S-Type, we have:
> 31 24 19 14 11 6
> imm[11:5] | rs1 | rs2 | funct3 | imm[4:0] | opcode
>
> For I-Type, we have:
> 31 19 14 11 6
> immm[11:0] | rs1 | funct3 | rd | opcode
>
> I understand that there should be reasons for choosing S-type, but it
> would make much more sense (as per instruction type, and as per parameters)
> to go with I-Type.
>
> (I understand this was done in HW, and in kernel code we have better choice
> to encode it as S-Type, but I kind of find the S-Type choice odd)
My speculation is that since cache block sizes will never be less than 32
bytes, it made more sense to use the S-type encoding space with imm[4:0]
hard coded to zero, allowing the I-Type encoding space to be reserved for
instructions which need arbitrary 12-bit immediates.
>
> >
> > #else /* ! __ASSEMBLY__ */
> >
> > @@ -66,6 +87,9 @@
> > #define __INSN_I(opcode, func3, rd, rs1, simm12) \
> > ".insn i " opcode ", " func3 ", " rd ", " rs1 ", " simm12 "\n"
> >
> > +#define __INSN_S(opcode, func3, rs2, simm12, rs1) \
> > + ".insn s " opcode ", " func3 ", " rs2 ", " simm12 "(" rs1 ")\n"
> > +
> > #else
> >
> > #include <linux/stringify.h>
> > @@ -92,12 +116,26 @@
> > " (\\simm12 << " __stringify(INSN_I_SIMM12_SHIFT) "))\n" \
> > " .endm\n"
> >
> > +#define DEFINE_INSN_S \
> > + __DEFINE_ASM_GPR_NUMS \
> > +" .macro insn_s, opcode, func3, rs2, simm12, rs1\n" \
> > +" .4byte ((\\opcode << " __stringify(INSN_S_OPCODE_SHIFT) ") |" \
> > +" (\\func3 << " __stringify(INSN_S_FUNC3_SHIFT) ") |" \
> > +" (.L__gpr_num_\\rs2 << " __stringify(INSN_S_RS2_SHIFT) ") |" \
> > +" (.L__gpr_num_\\rs1 << " __stringify(INSN_S_RS1_SHIFT) ") |" \
> > +" ((\\simm12 & 0x1f) << " __stringify(INSN_S_SIMM5_SHIFT) ") |" \
> > +" (((\\simm12 >> 5) & 0x7f) << " __stringify(INSN_S_SIMM7_SHIFT) "))\n" \
> > +" .endm\n"
> > +
> > #define UNDEFINE_INSN_R \
> > " .purgem insn_r\n"
> >
> > #define UNDEFINE_INSN_I \
> > " .purgem insn_i\n"
> >
> > +#define UNDEFINE_INSN_S \
> > +" .purgem insn_s\n"
> > +
> > #define __INSN_R(opcode, func3, func7, rd, rs1, rs2) \
> > DEFINE_INSN_R \
> > "insn_r " opcode ", " func3 ", " func7 ", " rd ", " rs1 ", " rs2 "\n" \
> > @@ -108,6 +146,11 @@
> > "insn_i " opcode ", " func3 ", " rd ", " rs1 ", " simm12 "\n" \
> > UNDEFINE_INSN_I
> >
> > +#define __INSN_S(opcode, func3, rs2, simm12, rs1) \
> > + DEFINE_INSN_S \
> > + "insn_s " opcode ", " func3 ", " rs2 ", " simm12 ", " rs1 "\n" \
> > + UNDEFINE_INSN_S
> > +
> > #endif
> >
> > #endif /* ! __ASSEMBLY__ */
> > @@ -120,6 +163,10 @@
> > __INSN_I(RV_##opcode, RV_##func3, RV_##rd, \
> > RV_##rs1, RV_##simm12)
> >
> > +#define INSN_S(opcode, func3, rs2, simm12, rs1) \
> > + __INSN_S(RV_##opcode, RV_##func3, RV_##rs2, \
> > + RV_##simm12, RV_##rs1)
> > +
>
> The defines above seem correct, but TBH I am not very used to review
> .macro code.
>
> > #define RV_OPCODE(v) __ASM_STR(v)
> > #define RV_FUNC3(v) __ASM_STR(v)
> > #define RV_FUNC7(v) __ASM_STR(v)
> > @@ -133,6 +180,7 @@
> > #define RV___RS2(v) __RV_REG(v)
> >
> > #define RV_OPCODE_MISC_MEM RV_OPCODE(15)
> > +#define RV_OPCODE_OP_IMM RV_OPCODE(19)
>
> Correct.
>
>
> > #define RV_OPCODE_SYSTEM RV_OPCODE(115)
> >
> > #define HFENCE_VVMA(vaddr, asid) \
> > @@ -196,4 +244,16 @@
> > INSN_I(OPCODE_MISC_MEM, FUNC3(2), __RD(0), \
> > RS1(base), SIMM12(4))
> >
> > +#define CBO_PREFETCH_I(base, offset) \
> > + INSN_S(OPCODE_OP_IMM, FUNC3(6), __RS2(0), \
> > + SIMM12(offset), RS1(base))
> > +
> > +#define CBO_PREFETCH_R(base, offset) \
> > + INSN_S(OPCODE_OP_IMM, FUNC3(6), __RS2(1), \
> > + SIMM12(offset), RS1(base))
> > +
> > +#define CBO_PREFETCH_W(base, offset) \
> > + INSN_S(OPCODE_OP_IMM, FUNC3(6), __RS2(3), \
> > + SIMM12(offset), RS1(base))
> > +
>
> For OP_IMM & FUNC3(6) we have ORI, right?
> For ORI, rd will be at bytes 11:7, which in PREFETCH.{i,r,w} is
> offset[4:0].
>
> IIUC, when the cpu does not support ZICBOP, this should be fine as long as
> rd = 0, since changes to r0 are disregarded.
>
> In this case, we need to guarantee offset[4:0] = 0, or else we migth write
> on an unrelated register. This can be noticed in ZICBOP documentation pages
> 21, 22, 23, as offset[4:0] is always [0 0 0 0 0].
> (Google docs in first comment)
>
> What we need here is something like:
> + enum {
> + PREFETCH_I,
> + PREFETCH_R,
> + PREFETCH_W,
> + }
Can't use enum. This header may be included in assembly.
> +
> + #define CBO_PREFETCH(type, base, offset) \
> + INSN_S(OPCODE_OP_IMM, FUNC3(6), __RS2(type), \
> + SIMM12(offset & ~0x1f), RS1(base))
Yes. I suggested we mask offset as well, but ideally we'd detect a caller
using an offset with nonzero lower 5 bits at compile time.
Thanks,
drew
>
> + #define CBO_PREFETCH_I(base, offset) \
> + CBO_PREFETCH(PREFETCH_I, base, offset)
> +
> + #define CBO_PREFETCH_R(base, offset) \
> + CBO_PREFETCH(PREFETCH_R, base, offset)
> +
> + #define CBO_PREFETCH_W(base, offset) \
> + CBO_PREFETCH(PREFETCH_W, base, offset)
> +
>
> Maybe replacing 0x1f by some MASK macro, so it looks nicer.
> (not sure how it's acceptable in asm, though).
>
> The above would guarantee that we would never have CBO_PREFETCH_*() to mess
> up any other register due to a unnoticed (base & 0x1f) != 0
>
> Does that make sense?
>
> > #endif /* __ASM_INSN_DEF_H */
> > diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c
> > index b3785ffc1570..bdb02b066041 100644
> > --- a/arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c
> > +++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/cpufeature.c
> > @@ -168,6 +168,7 @@ const struct riscv_isa_ext_data riscv_isa_ext[] = {
> > __RISCV_ISA_EXT_DATA(h, RISCV_ISA_EXT_h),
> > __RISCV_ISA_EXT_DATA(zicbom, RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICBOM),
> > __RISCV_ISA_EXT_DATA(zicboz, RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICBOZ),
> > + __RISCV_ISA_EXT_DATA(zicbop, RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICBOP),
> > __RISCV_ISA_EXT_DATA(zicntr, RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICNTR),
> > __RISCV_ISA_EXT_DATA(zicond, RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICOND),
> > __RISCV_ISA_EXT_DATA(zicsr, RISCV_ISA_EXT_ZICSR),
> > --
> > 2.40.1
> >
>
> Apart from above suggestions, seems a nice change :)
>
> I suggest splitting this patch into 2, though:
> - Introducing S-Type instructions (plz point docs for reference)
> - Introduce ZICBOP extension.
>
> Thanks!
> Leo
>
>
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