[PATCH v7] RISC-V: enable XIP

David Hildenbrand david at redhat.com
Fri Apr 9 09:23:03 BST 2021


On 09.04.21 09:14, Alex Ghiti wrote:
> Le 4/9/21 à 2:51 AM, Alexandre Ghiti a écrit :
>> From: Vitaly Wool <vitaly.wool at konsulko.com>
>>
>> Introduce XIP (eXecute In Place) support for RISC-V platforms.
>> It allows code to be executed directly from non-volatile storage
>> directly addressable by the CPU, such as QSPI NOR flash which can
>> be found on many RISC-V platforms. This makes way for significant
>> optimization of RAM footprint. The XIP kernel is not compressed
>> since it has to run directly from flash, so it will occupy more
>> space on the non-volatile storage. The physical flash address used
>> to link the kernel object files and for storing it has to be known
>> at compile time and is represented by a Kconfig option.
>>
>> XIP on RISC-V will for the time being only work on MMU-enabled
>> kernels.
>>
> I added linux-mm and linux-arch to get feedbacks because I noticed that
> DEBUG_VM_PGTABLE fails for SPARSEMEM (it works for FLATMEM but I think
> it does not do what is expected): the fact that we don't have any struct
> page to back the text and rodata in flash is the problem but to which
> extent ?

Just wondering, why can't we create a memmap for that memory -- or is it 
even desireable to not do that explicity? There might be some nasty side 
effects when not having a memmap for text and rodata.

I would assume stimply exposing the physical memory range to memblock as 
RAM and marking it reserved would create a memmap that's fully 
initialized like any bootmem (PG_reserved).

Or is there a reason why we cannot do that?

Also, will that memory properly be exposed in the resource tree as 
System RAM (e.g., /proc/iomem) ? Otherwise some things (/proc/kcore) 
won't work as expected - the kernel won't be included in a dump.


> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Alex
> 
>> Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti <alex at ghiti.fr> [ Rebase on top of "Move
>> kernel mapping outside the linear mapping ]
>> Signed-off-by: Vitaly Wool <vitaly.wool at konsulko.com>
>> ---
>>
>> Changes in v2:
>> - dedicated macro for XIP address fixup when MMU is not enabled yet
>>     o both for 32-bit and 64-bit RISC-V
>> - SP is explicitly set to a safe place in RAM before __copy_data call
>> - removed redundant alignment requirements in vmlinux-xip.lds.S
>> - changed long -> uintptr_t typecast in __XIP_FIXUP macro.
>> Changes in v3:
>> - rebased against latest for-next
>> - XIP address fixup macro now takes an argument
>> - SMP related fixes
>> Changes in v4:
>> - rebased against the current for-next
>> - less #ifdef's in C/ASM code
>> - dedicated XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET assembler macro in head.S
>> - C-specific definitions moved into #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
>> - Fixed multi-core boot
>> Changes in v5:
>> - fixed build error for non-XIP kernels
>> Changes in v6:
>> - XIP_PHYS_RAM_BASE config option renamed to PHYS_RAM_BASE
>> - added PHYS_RAM_BASE_FIXED config flag to allow usage of
>>     PHYS_RAM_BASE in non-XIP configurations if needed
>> - XIP_FIXUP macro rewritten with a tempoarary variable to avoid side
>>     effects
>> - fixed crash for non-XIP kernels that don't use built-in DTB
>> Changes in v7:
>> - Fix pfn_base that required FIXUP
>> - Fix copy_data which lacked + 1 in size to copy
>> - Fix pfn_valid for FLATMEM
>> - Rebased on top of "Move kernel mapping outside the linear mapping":
>>     this is the biggest change and affected mm/init.c,
>>     kernel/vmlinux-xip.lds.S and include/asm/pgtable.h: XIP kernel is now
>>     mapped like 'normal' kernel at the end of the address space.
>>
>>    arch/riscv/Kconfig                  |  51 ++++++++++-
>>    arch/riscv/Makefile                 |   8 +-
>>    arch/riscv/boot/Makefile            |  13 +++
>>    arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h       |  28 ++++++
>>    arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h    |  25 +++++-
>>    arch/riscv/kernel/head.S            |  46 +++++++++-
>>    arch/riscv/kernel/head.h            |   3 +
>>    arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c           |  10 ++-
>>    arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux-xip.lds.S | 133 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>>    arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S     |   6 ++
>>    arch/riscv/mm/init.c                | 118 ++++++++++++++++++++++--
>>    11 files changed, 424 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)
>>    create mode 100644 arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux-xip.lds.S
>>
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/Kconfig b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
>> index 8ea60a0a19ae..4d0153805927 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/Kconfig
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/Kconfig
>> @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ config RISCV
>>    	select ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL
>>    	select ARCH_HAS_SET_DIRECT_MAP
>>    	select ARCH_HAS_SET_MEMORY
>> -	select ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX if MMU
>> +	select ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX if MMU && !XIP_KERNEL
>>    	select ARCH_HAS_TICK_BROADCAST if GENERIC_CLOCKEVENTS_BROADCAST
>>    	select ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX if ARCH_HAS_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX
>>    	select ARCH_OPTIONAL_KERNEL_RWX_DEFAULT
>> @@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ config EFI_STUB
>>    
>>    config EFI
>>    	bool "UEFI runtime support"
>> -	depends on OF
>> +	depends on OF && !XIP_KERNEL
>>    	select LIBFDT
>>    	select UCS2_STRING
>>    	select EFI_PARAMS_FROM_FDT
>> @@ -465,11 +465,56 @@ config STACKPROTECTOR_PER_TASK
>>    	def_bool y
>>    	depends on STACKPROTECTOR && CC_HAVE_STACKPROTECTOR_TLS
>>    
>> +config PHYS_RAM_BASE_FIXED
>> +	bool "Explicitly specified physical RAM address"
>> +	default n
>> +
>> +config PHYS_RAM_BASE
>> +	hex "Platform Physical RAM address"
>> +	depends on PHYS_RAM_BASE_FIXED
>> +	default "0x80000000"
>> +	help
>> +	  This is the physical address of RAM in the system. It has to be
>> +	  explicitly specified to run early relocations of read-write data
>> +	  from flash to RAM.
>> +
>> +config XIP_KERNEL
>> +	bool "Kernel Execute-In-Place from ROM"
>> +	depends on MMU
>> +	select PHYS_RAM_BASE_FIXED
>> +	help
>> +	  Execute-In-Place allows the kernel to run from non-volatile storage
>> +	  directly addressable by the CPU, such as NOR flash. This saves RAM
>> +	  space since the text section of the kernel is not loaded from flash
>> +	  to RAM.  Read-write sections, such as the data section and stack,
>> +	  are still copied to RAM.  The XIP kernel is not compressed since
>> +	  it has to run directly from flash, so it will take more space to
>> +	  store it.  The flash address used to link the kernel object files,
>> +	  and for storing it, is configuration dependent. Therefore, if you
>> +	  say Y here, you must know the proper physical address where to
>> +	  store the kernel image depending on your own flash memory usage.
>> +
>> +	  Also note that the make target becomes "make xipImage" rather than
>> +	  "make zImage" or "make Image".  The final kernel binary to put in
>> +	  ROM memory will be arch/riscv/boot/xipImage.
>> +
>> +	  If unsure, say N.
>> +
>> +config XIP_PHYS_ADDR
>> +	hex "XIP Kernel Physical Location"
>> +	depends on XIP_KERNEL
>> +	default "0x21000000"
>> +	help
>> +	  This is the physical address in your flash memory the kernel will
>> +	  be linked for and stored to.  This address is dependent on your
>> +	  own flash usage.
>> +
>>    endmenu
>>    
>>    config BUILTIN_DTB
>> -	def_bool n
>> +	bool
>>    	depends on OF
>> +	default y if XIP_KERNEL
>>    
>>    menu "Power management options"
>>    
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/Makefile b/arch/riscv/Makefile
>> index 1368d943f1f3..8fcbec03974d 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/Makefile
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/Makefile
>> @@ -82,7 +82,11 @@ CHECKFLAGS += -D__riscv -D__riscv_xlen=$(BITS)
>>    
>>    # Default target when executing plain make
>>    boot		:= arch/riscv/boot
>> +ifeq ($(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL),y)
>> +KBUILD_IMAGE := $(boot)/xipImage
>> +else
>>    KBUILD_IMAGE	:= $(boot)/Image.gz
>> +endif
>>    
>>    head-y := arch/riscv/kernel/head.o
>>    
>> @@ -95,12 +99,14 @@ PHONY += vdso_install
>>    vdso_install:
>>    	$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=arch/riscv/kernel/vdso $@
>>    
>> +ifneq ($(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL),y)
>>    ifeq ($(CONFIG_RISCV_M_MODE)$(CONFIG_SOC_CANAAN),yy)
>>    KBUILD_IMAGE := $(boot)/loader.bin
>>    else
>>    KBUILD_IMAGE := $(boot)/Image.gz
>>    endif
>> -BOOT_TARGETS := Image Image.gz loader loader.bin
>> +endif
>> +BOOT_TARGETS := Image Image.gz loader loader.bin xipImage
>>    
>>    all:	$(notdir $(KBUILD_IMAGE))
>>    
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/boot/Makefile b/arch/riscv/boot/Makefile
>> index 03404c84f971..6bf299f70c27 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/boot/Makefile
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/boot/Makefile
>> @@ -17,8 +17,21 @@
>>    KCOV_INSTRUMENT := n
>>    
>>    OBJCOPYFLAGS_Image :=-O binary -R .note -R .note.gnu.build-id -R .comment -S
>> +OBJCOPYFLAGS_xipImage :=-O binary -R .note -R .note.gnu.build-id -R .comment -S
>>    
>>    targets := Image Image.* loader loader.o loader.lds loader.bin
>> +targets := Image Image.* loader loader.o loader.lds loader.bin xipImage
>> +
>> +ifeq ($(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL),y)
>> +
>> +quiet_cmd_mkxip = $(quiet_cmd_objcopy)
>> +cmd_mkxip = $(cmd_objcopy)
>> +
>> +$(obj)/xipImage: vmlinux FORCE
>> +	$(call if_changed,mkxip)
>> +	@$(kecho) '  Physical Address of xipImage: $(CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR)'
>> +
>> +endif
>>    
>>    $(obj)/Image: vmlinux FORCE
>>    	$(call if_changed,objcopy)
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
>> index 22cfb2be60dc..6fe0ff8c8fa9 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/page.h
>> @@ -91,6 +91,9 @@ typedef struct page *pgtable_t;
>>    #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
>>    extern unsigned long va_pa_offset;
>>    extern unsigned long va_kernel_pa_offset;
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +extern unsigned long va_kernel_xip_pa_offset;
>> +#endif
>>    extern unsigned long pfn_base;
>>    #define ARCH_PFN_OFFSET		(pfn_base)
>>    #else
>> @@ -102,11 +105,29 @@ extern unsigned long pfn_base;
>>    extern unsigned long kernel_virt_addr;
>>    
>>    #define linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x)	((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + va_pa_offset))
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(y)	({						\
>> +	unsigned long _y = y;								\
>> +	(_y >= CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE) ?							\
>> +		(void *)((unsigned long)(_y) + va_kernel_pa_offset + XIP_OFFSET) :	\
>> +		(void *)((unsigned long)(_y) + va_kernel_xip_pa_offset);		\
>> +	})
>> +#else
>>    #define kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(x)	((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + va_kernel_pa_offset))
>> +#endif
>>    #define __pa_to_va_nodebug(x)		linear_mapping_pa_to_va(x)
>>    
>>    #define linear_mapping_va_to_pa(x)	((unsigned long)(x) - va_pa_offset)
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define kernel_mapping_va_to_pa(y) ({						\
>> +	unsigned long _y = y;							\
>> +	(_y < kernel_virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET) ?					\
>> +		((unsigned long)(_y) - va_kernel_xip_pa_offset) :		\
>> +		((unsigned long)(_y) - va_kernel_pa_offset - XIP_OFFSET);	\
>> +	})
>> +#else
>>    #define kernel_mapping_va_to_pa(x)	((unsigned long)(x) - va_kernel_pa_offset)
>> +#endif
>>    #define __va_to_pa_nodebug(x)	({						\
>>    	unsigned long _x = x;							\
>>    	(_x < kernel_virt_addr) ?						\
>> @@ -139,9 +160,16 @@ extern phys_addr_t __phys_addr_symbol(unsigned long x);
>>    #define phys_to_page(paddr)	(pfn_to_page(phys_to_pfn(paddr)))
>>    
>>    #ifdef CONFIG_FLATMEM
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define pfn_valid(pfn) \
>> +	((((pfn) >= ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) && (((pfn) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) < max_mapnr)) ||	\
>> +		((pfn) >= PFN_DOWN(CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR) &&				\
>> +		(((pfn) - PFN_DOWN(CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR)) < XIP_OFFSET)))
>> +#else
>>    #define pfn_valid(pfn) \
>>    	(((pfn) >= ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) && (((pfn) - ARCH_PFN_OFFSET) < max_mapnr))
>>    #endif
>> +#endif
>>    
>>    #endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
>>    
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h b/arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h
>> index 80e63a93e903..c2dc4f83eed8 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/include/asm/pgtable.h
>> @@ -64,6 +64,19 @@
>>    #define FIXADDR_SIZE     PGDIR_SIZE
>>    #endif
>>    #define FIXADDR_START    (FIXADDR_TOP - FIXADDR_SIZE)
>> +
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define XIP_OFFSET		SZ_8M
>> +#define XIP_FIXUP(addr) ({							\
>> +	uintptr_t __a = (uintptr_t)(addr);					\
>> +	(__a >= CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR && __a < CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR + SZ_16M) ?	\
>> +		__a - CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR + CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE - XIP_OFFSET :\
>> +		__a;								\
>> +	})
>> +#else
>> +#define XIP_FIXUP(addr)		(addr)
>> +#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
>> +
>>    #endif
>>    
>>    #ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
>> @@ -499,8 +512,16 @@ static inline int ptep_clear_flush_young(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
>>    #define kern_addr_valid(addr)   (1) /* FIXME */
>>    
>>    extern char _start[];
>> -extern void *dtb_early_va;
>> -extern uintptr_t dtb_early_pa;
>> +extern void *_dtb_early_va;
>> +extern uintptr_t _dtb_early_pa;
>> +#if defined(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
>> +#define dtb_early_va	(*(void **)XIP_FIXUP(&_dtb_early_va))
>> +#define dtb_early_pa	(*(uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&_dtb_early_pa))
>> +#else
>> +#define dtb_early_va	_dtb_early_va
>> +#define dtb_early_pa	_dtb_early_pa
>> +#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
>> +
>>    void setup_bootmem(void);
>>    void paging_init(void);
>>    void misc_mem_init(void);
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S b/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S
>> index 6cb05f22e52a..89cc58ab52b4 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/head.S
>> @@ -9,11 +9,23 @@
>>    #include <linux/linkage.h>
>>    #include <asm/thread_info.h>
>>    #include <asm/page.h>
>> +#include <asm/pgtable.h>
>>    #include <asm/csr.h>
>>    #include <asm/hwcap.h>
>>    #include <asm/image.h>
>>    #include "efi-header.S"
>>    
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +.macro XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET reg
>> +	REG_L t0, _xip_fixup
>> +	add \reg, \reg, t0
>> +.endm
>> +_xip_fixup: .dword CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE - CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR - XIP_OFFSET
>> +#else
>> +.macro XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET reg
>> +.endm
>> +#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
>> +
>>    __HEAD
>>    ENTRY(_start)
>>    	/*
>> @@ -70,6 +82,7 @@ pe_head_start:
>>    relocate:
>>    	/* Relocate return address */
>>    	la a1, kernel_virt_addr
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
>>    	REG_L a1, 0(a1)
>>    	la a2, _start
>>    	sub a1, a1, a2
>> @@ -92,6 +105,7 @@ relocate:
>>    	 * to ensure the new translations are in use.
>>    	 */
>>    	la a0, trampoline_pg_dir
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
>>    	srl a0, a0, PAGE_SHIFT
>>    	or a0, a0, a1
>>    	sfence.vma
>> @@ -145,7 +159,9 @@ secondary_start_sbi:
>>    
>>    	slli a3, a0, LGREG
>>    	la a4, __cpu_up_stack_pointer
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a4
>>    	la a5, __cpu_up_task_pointer
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a5
>>    	add a4, a3, a4
>>    	add a5, a3, a5
>>    	REG_L sp, (a4)
>> @@ -157,6 +173,7 @@ secondary_start_common:
>>    #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
>>    	/* Enable virtual memory and relocate to virtual address */
>>    	la a0, swapper_pg_dir
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
>>    	call relocate
>>    #endif
>>    	call setup_trap_vector
>> @@ -237,12 +254,33 @@ pmp_done:
>>    .Lgood_cores:
>>    #endif
>>    
>> +#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>>    	/* Pick one hart to run the main boot sequence */
>>    	la a3, hart_lottery
>>    	li a2, 1
>>    	amoadd.w a3, a2, (a3)
>>    	bnez a3, .Lsecondary_start
>>    
>> +#else
>> +	/* hart_lottery in flash contains a magic number */
>> +	la a3, hart_lottery
>> +	mv a2, a3
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
>> +	lw t1, (a3)
>> +	amoswap.w t0, t1, (a2)
>> +	/* first time here if hart_lottery in RAM is not set */
>> +	beq t0, t1, .Lsecondary_start
>> +
>> +	la sp, _end + THREAD_SIZE
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
>> +	mv s0, a0
>> +	call __copy_data
>> +
>> +	/* Restore a0 copy */
>> +	mv a0, s0
>> +#endif
>> +
>> +#ifndef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>>    	/* Clear BSS for flat non-ELF images */
>>    	la a3, __bss_start
>>    	la a4, __bss_stop
>> @@ -252,15 +290,18 @@ clear_bss:
>>    	add a3, a3, RISCV_SZPTR
>>    	blt a3, a4, clear_bss
>>    clear_bss_done:
>> -
>> +#endif
>>    	/* Save hart ID and DTB physical address */
>>    	mv s0, a0
>>    	mv s1, a1
>> +
>>    	la a2, boot_cpu_hartid
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
>>    	REG_S a0, (a2)
>>    
>>    	/* Initialize page tables and relocate to virtual addresses */
>>    	la sp, init_thread_union + THREAD_SIZE
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET sp
>>    #ifdef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
>>    	la a0, __dtb_start
>>    #else
>> @@ -269,6 +310,7 @@ clear_bss_done:
>>    	call setup_vm
>>    #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
>>    	la a0, early_pg_dir
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a0
>>    	call relocate
>>    #endif /* CONFIG_MMU */
>>    
>> @@ -293,7 +335,9 @@ clear_bss_done:
>>    
>>    	slli a3, a0, LGREG
>>    	la a1, __cpu_up_stack_pointer
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a1
>>    	la a2, __cpu_up_task_pointer
>> +	XIP_FIXUP_OFFSET a2
>>    	add a1, a3, a1
>>    	add a2, a3, a2
>>    
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/head.h b/arch/riscv/kernel/head.h
>> index b48dda3d04f6..aabbc3ac3e48 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/kernel/head.h
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/head.h
>> @@ -12,6 +12,9 @@ extern atomic_t hart_lottery;
>>    
>>    asmlinkage void do_page_fault(struct pt_regs *regs);
>>    asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa);
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +asmlinkage void __init __copy_data(void);
>> +#endif
>>    
>>    extern void *__cpu_up_stack_pointer[];
>>    extern void *__cpu_up_task_pointer[];
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
>> index 30e4af0fd50c..2ddf654c72bb 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/setup.c
>> @@ -50,7 +50,11 @@ struct screen_info screen_info __section(".data") = {
>>     * This is used before the kernel initializes the BSS so it can't be in the
>>     * BSS.
>>     */
>> -atomic_t hart_lottery __section(".sdata");
>> +atomic_t hart_lottery __section(".sdata")
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> += ATOMIC_INIT(0xC001BEEF)
>> +#endif
>> +;
>>    unsigned long boot_cpu_hartid;
>>    static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct cpu, cpu_devices);
>>    
>> @@ -254,7 +258,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
>>    #if IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB)
>>    	unflatten_and_copy_device_tree();
>>    #else
>> -	if (early_init_dt_verify(__va(dtb_early_pa)))
>> +	if (early_init_dt_verify(__va(XIP_FIXUP(dtb_early_pa))))
>>    		unflatten_device_tree();
>>    	else
>>    		pr_err("No DTB found in kernel mappings\n");
>> @@ -266,7 +270,7 @@ void __init setup_arch(char **cmdline_p)
>>    	if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_STRICT_KERNEL_RWX))
>>    		protect_kernel_text_data();
>>    
>> -#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && defined(CONFIG_MMU)
>> +#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && defined(CONFIG_MMU) && !defined(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL)
>>    	protect_kernel_linear_mapping_text_rodata();
>>    #endif
>>    
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux-xip.lds.S b/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux-xip.lds.S
>> new file mode 100644
>> index 000000000000..4b29b9917f99
>> --- /dev/null
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux-xip.lds.S
>> @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
>> +/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only */
>> +/*
>> + * Copyright (C) 2012 Regents of the University of California
>> + * Copyright (C) 2017 SiFive
>> + * Copyright (C) 2020 Vitaly Wool, Konsulko AB
>> + */
>> +
>> +#include <asm/pgtable.h>
>> +#define LOAD_OFFSET KERNEL_LINK_ADDR
>> +/* No __ro_after_init data in the .rodata section - which will always be ro */
>> +#define RO_AFTER_INIT_DATA
>> +
>> +#include <asm/vmlinux.lds.h>
>> +#include <asm/page.h>
>> +#include <asm/pgtable.h>
>> +#include <asm/cache.h>
>> +#include <asm/thread_info.h>
>> +
>> +OUTPUT_ARCH(riscv)
>> +ENTRY(_start)
>> +
>> +jiffies = jiffies_64;
>> +
>> +SECTIONS
>> +{
>> +	/* Beginning of code and text segment */
>> +	. = LOAD_OFFSET;
>> +	_xiprom = .;
>> +	_start = .;
>> +	HEAD_TEXT_SECTION
>> +	INIT_TEXT_SECTION(PAGE_SIZE)
>> +	/* we have to discard exit text and such at runtime, not link time */
>> +	.exit.text :
>> +	{
>> +		EXIT_TEXT
>> +	}
>> +
>> +	.text : {
>> +		_text = .;
>> +		_stext = .;
>> +		TEXT_TEXT
>> +		SCHED_TEXT
>> +		CPUIDLE_TEXT
>> +		LOCK_TEXT
>> +		KPROBES_TEXT
>> +		ENTRY_TEXT
>> +		IRQENTRY_TEXT
>> +		SOFTIRQENTRY_TEXT
>> +		*(.fixup)
>> +		_etext = .;
>> +	}
>> +	RO_DATA(L1_CACHE_BYTES)
>> +	.srodata : {
>> +		*(.srodata*)
>> +	}
>> +	.init.rodata : {
>> +		INIT_SETUP(16)
>> +		INIT_CALLS
>> +		CON_INITCALL
>> +		INIT_RAM_FS
>> +	}
>> +	_exiprom = .;			/* End of XIP ROM area */
>> +
>> +
>> +/*
>> + * From this point, stuff is considered writable and will be copied to RAM
>> + */
>> +	__data_loc = ALIGN(16);		/* location in file */
>> +	. = LOAD_OFFSET + XIP_OFFSET;	/* location in memory */
>> +
>> +	_sdata = .;			/* Start of data section */
>> +	_data = .;
>> +	RW_DATA(L1_CACHE_BYTES, PAGE_SIZE, THREAD_SIZE)
>> +	_edata = .;
>> +	__start_ro_after_init = .;
>> +	.data.ro_after_init : AT(ADDR(.data.ro_after_init) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
>> +		*(.data..ro_after_init)
>> +	}
>> +	__end_ro_after_init = .;
>> +
>> +	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
>> +	__init_begin = .;
>> +	.init.data : {
>> +		INIT_DATA
>> +	}
>> +	.exit.data : {
>> +		EXIT_DATA
>> +	}
>> +	. = ALIGN(8);
>> +	__soc_early_init_table : {
>> +		__soc_early_init_table_start = .;
>> +		KEEP(*(__soc_early_init_table))
>> +		__soc_early_init_table_end = .;
>> +	}
>> +	__soc_builtin_dtb_table : {
>> +		__soc_builtin_dtb_table_start = .;
>> +		KEEP(*(__soc_builtin_dtb_table))
>> +		__soc_builtin_dtb_table_end = .;
>> +	}
>> +	PERCPU_SECTION(L1_CACHE_BYTES)
>> +
>> +	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
>> +	__init_end = .;
>> +
>> +	.sdata : {
>> +		__global_pointer$ = . + 0x800;
>> +		*(.sdata*)
>> +		*(.sbss*)
>> +	}
>> +
>> +	BSS_SECTION(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, 0)
>> +	EXCEPTION_TABLE(0x10)
>> +
>> +	.rel.dyn : AT(ADDR(.rel.dyn) - LOAD_OFFSET) {
>> +		*(.rel.dyn*)
>> +	}
>> +
>> +	/*
>> +	 * End of copied data. We need a dummy section to get its LMA.
>> +	 * Also located before final ALIGN() as trailing padding is not stored
>> +	 * in the resulting binary file and useless to copy.
>> +	 */
>> +	.data.endmark : AT(ADDR(.data.endmark) - LOAD_OFFSET) { }
>> +	_edata_loc = LOADADDR(.data.endmark);
>> +
>> +	. = ALIGN(PAGE_SIZE);
>> +	_end = .;
>> +
>> +	STABS_DEBUG
>> +	DWARF_DEBUG
>> +
>> +	DISCARDS
>> +}
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S b/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
>> index 0726c05e0336..0a59b65cf789 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
>> @@ -4,8 +4,13 @@
>>     * Copyright (C) 2017 SiFive
>>     */
>>    
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#include "vmlinux-xip.lds.S"
>> +#else
>> +
>>    #include <asm/pgtable.h>
>>    #define LOAD_OFFSET KERNEL_LINK_ADDR
>> +
>>    #include <asm/vmlinux.lds.h>
>>    #include <asm/page.h>
>>    #include <asm/cache.h>
>> @@ -133,3 +138,4 @@ SECTIONS
>>    
>>    	DISCARDS
>>    }
>> +#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
>> diff --git a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
>> index 093f3a96ecfc..9961573f9a55 100644
>> --- a/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
>> +++ b/arch/riscv/mm/init.c
>> @@ -27,6 +27,9 @@
>>    
>>    unsigned long kernel_virt_addr = KERNEL_LINK_ADDR;
>>    EXPORT_SYMBOL(kernel_virt_addr);
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define kernel_virt_addr       (*((unsigned long *)XIP_FIXUP(&kernel_virt_addr)))
>> +#endif
>>    
>>    unsigned long empty_zero_page[PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(unsigned long)]
>>    							__page_aligned_bss;
>> @@ -34,8 +37,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(empty_zero_page);
>>    
>>    extern char _start[];
>>    #define DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA      PGDIR_SIZE
>> -void *dtb_early_va __initdata;
>> -uintptr_t dtb_early_pa __initdata;
>> +void *_dtb_early_va __initdata;
>> +uintptr_t _dtb_early_pa __initdata;
>>    
>>    struct pt_alloc_ops {
>>    	pte_t *(*get_pte_virt)(phys_addr_t pa);
>> @@ -118,6 +121,10 @@ void __init setup_bootmem(void)
>>    	phys_addr_t dram_end = memblock_end_of_DRAM();
>>    	phys_addr_t max_mapped_addr = __pa(~(ulong)0);
>>    
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +	vmlinux_start = __pa_symbol(&_sdata);
>> +#endif
>> +
>>    	/* The maximal physical memory size is -PAGE_OFFSET. */
>>    	memblock_enforce_memory_limit(-PAGE_OFFSET);
>>    
>> @@ -159,17 +166,44 @@ void __init setup_bootmem(void)
>>    	memblock_allow_resize();
>>    }
>>    
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +
>> +extern char _xiprom[], _exiprom[];
>> +extern char _sdata[], _edata[];
>> +
>> +#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
>> +
>>    #ifdef CONFIG_MMU
>> -static struct pt_alloc_ops pt_ops;
>> +static struct pt_alloc_ops _pt_ops;
>> +
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define pt_ops (*(struct pt_alloc_ops *)XIP_FIXUP(&_pt_ops))
>> +#else
>> +#define pt_ops _pt_ops
>> +#endif
>>    
>>    /* Offset between linear mapping virtual address and kernel load address */
>>    unsigned long va_pa_offset;
>>    EXPORT_SYMBOL(va_pa_offset);
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define va_pa_offset   (*((unsigned long *)XIP_FIXUP(&va_pa_offset)))
>> +#endif
>>    /* Offset between kernel mapping virtual address and kernel load address */
>>    unsigned long va_kernel_pa_offset;
>>    EXPORT_SYMBOL(va_kernel_pa_offset);
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define va_kernel_pa_offset    (*((unsigned long *)XIP_FIXUP(&va_kernel_pa_offset)))
>> +#endif
>> +unsigned long va_kernel_xip_pa_offset;
>> +EXPORT_SYMBOL(va_kernel_xip_pa_offset);
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define va_kernel_xip_pa_offset        (*((unsigned long *)XIP_FIXUP(&va_kernel_xip_pa_offset)))
>> +#endif
>>    unsigned long pfn_base;
>>    EXPORT_SYMBOL(pfn_base);
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define pfn_base       (*((unsigned long *)XIP_FIXUP(&pfn_base)))
>> +#endif
>>    
>>    pgd_t swapper_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __page_aligned_bss;
>>    pgd_t trampoline_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __page_aligned_bss;
>> @@ -177,6 +211,12 @@ pte_t fixmap_pte[PTRS_PER_PTE] __page_aligned_bss;
>>    
>>    pgd_t early_pg_dir[PTRS_PER_PGD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
>>    
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define trampoline_pg_dir      ((pgd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pg_dir))
>> +#define fixmap_pte             ((pte_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pte))
>> +#define early_pg_dir           ((pgd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pg_dir))
>> +#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
>> +
>>    void __set_fixmap(enum fixed_addresses idx, phys_addr_t phys, pgprot_t prot)
>>    {
>>    	unsigned long addr = __fix_to_virt(idx);
>> @@ -252,6 +292,12 @@ pmd_t fixmap_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __page_aligned_bss;
>>    pmd_t early_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
>>    pmd_t early_dtb_pmd[PTRS_PER_PMD] __initdata __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);
>>    
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define trampoline_pmd ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(trampoline_pmd))
>> +#define fixmap_pmd     ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(fixmap_pmd))
>> +#define early_pmd      ((pmd_t *)XIP_FIXUP(early_pmd))
>> +#endif /* CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL */
>> +
>>    static pmd_t *__init get_pmd_virt_early(phys_addr_t pa)
>>    {
>>    	/* Before MMU is enabled */
>> @@ -368,6 +414,19 @@ static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size)
>>    	return PMD_SIZE;
>>    }
>>    
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +/* called from head.S with MMU off */
>> +asmlinkage void __init __copy_data(void)
>> +{
>> +	void *from = (void *)(&_sdata);
>> +	void *end = (void *)(&_end);
>> +	void *to = (void *)CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
>> +	size_t sz = (size_t)(end - from + 1);
>> +
>> +	memcpy(to, from, sz);
>> +}
>> +#endif
>> +
>>    /*
>>     * setup_vm() is called from head.S with MMU-off.
>>     *
>> @@ -387,7 +446,35 @@ static uintptr_t __init best_map_size(phys_addr_t base, phys_addr_t size)
>>    #endif
>>    
>>    uintptr_t load_pa, load_sz;
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +#define load_pa        (*((uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&load_pa)))
>> +#define load_sz        (*((uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&load_sz)))
>> +#endif
>> +
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +uintptr_t xiprom, xiprom_sz;
>> +#define xiprom_sz      (*((uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&xiprom_sz)))
>> +#define xiprom         (*((uintptr_t *)XIP_FIXUP(&xiprom)))
>>    
>> +static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, uintptr_t map_size)
>> +{
>> +	uintptr_t va, end_va;
>> +
>> +	/* Map the flash resident part */
>> +	end_va = kernel_virt_addr + xiprom_sz;
>> +	for (va = kernel_virt_addr; va < end_va; va += map_size)
>> +		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
>> +				   xiprom + (va - kernel_virt_addr),
>> +				   map_size, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
>> +
>> +	/* Map the data in RAM */
>> +	end_va = kernel_virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET + load_sz;
>> +	for (va = kernel_virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET; va < end_va; va += map_size)
>> +		create_pgd_mapping(pgdir, va,
>> +				   load_pa + (va - (kernel_virt_addr + XIP_OFFSET)),
>> +				   map_size, PAGE_KERNEL);
>> +}
>> +#else
>>    static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, uintptr_t map_size)
>>    {
>>    	uintptr_t va, end_va;
>> @@ -398,16 +485,28 @@ static void __init create_kernel_page_table(pgd_t *pgdir, uintptr_t map_size)
>>    				   load_pa + (va - kernel_virt_addr),
>>    				   map_size, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
>>    }
>> +#endif
>>    
>>    asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
>>    {
>> -	uintptr_t pa;
>> +	uintptr_t __maybe_unused pa;
>>    	uintptr_t map_size;
>>    #ifndef __PAGETABLE_PMD_FOLDED
>>    	pmd_t fix_bmap_spmd, fix_bmap_epmd;
>>    #endif
>> +
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +	xiprom = (uintptr_t)CONFIG_XIP_PHYS_ADDR;
>> +	xiprom_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_exiprom) - (uintptr_t)(&_xiprom);
>> +
>> +	load_pa = (uintptr_t)CONFIG_PHYS_RAM_BASE;
>> +	load_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - (uintptr_t)(&_sdata);
>> +
>> +	va_kernel_xip_pa_offset = kernel_virt_addr - xiprom;
>> +#else
>>    	load_pa = (uintptr_t)(&_start);
>>    	load_sz = (uintptr_t)(&_end) - load_pa;
>> +#endif
>>    
>>    	va_pa_offset = PAGE_OFFSET - load_pa;
>>    	va_kernel_pa_offset = kernel_virt_addr - load_pa;
>> @@ -441,8 +540,13 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
>>    	/* Setup trampoline PGD and PMD */
>>    	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_virt_addr,
>>    			   (uintptr_t)trampoline_pmd, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_TABLE);
>> +#ifdef CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL
>> +	create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, kernel_virt_addr,
>> +			   xiprom, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
>> +#else
>>    	create_pmd_mapping(trampoline_pmd, kernel_virt_addr,
>>    			   load_pa, PMD_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL_EXEC);
>> +#endif
>>    #else
>>    	/* Setup trampoline PGD */
>>    	create_pgd_mapping(trampoline_pg_dir, kernel_virt_addr,
>> @@ -474,7 +578,7 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
>>    	 * whereas dtb_early_va will be used before setup_vm_final installs
>>    	 * the linear mapping.
>>    	 */
>> -	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(dtb_pa);
>> +	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(XIP_FIXUP(dtb_pa));
>>    #endif /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
>>    #else
>>    #ifndef CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB
>> @@ -486,7 +590,7 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
>>    			   pa + PGDIR_SIZE, PGDIR_SIZE, PAGE_KERNEL);
>>    	dtb_early_va = (void *)DTB_EARLY_BASE_VA + (dtb_pa & (PGDIR_SIZE - 1));
>>    #else /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
>> -	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(dtb_pa);
>> +	dtb_early_va = kernel_mapping_pa_to_va(XIP_FIXUP(dtb_pa));
>>    #endif /* CONFIG_BUILTIN_DTB */
>>    #endif
>>    	dtb_early_pa = dtb_pa;
>> @@ -522,7 +626,7 @@ asmlinkage void __init setup_vm(uintptr_t dtb_pa)
>>    #endif
>>    }
>>    
>> -#ifdef CONFIG_64BIT
>> +#if defined(CONFIG_64BIT) && !defined(CONFIG_XIP_KERNEL)
>>    void protect_kernel_linear_mapping_text_rodata(void)
>>    {
>>    	unsigned long text_start = (unsigned long)lm_alias(_start);
>>
> 


-- 
Thanks,

David / dhildenb




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