[PATCH 4/4] mtd: nand: omap2: Add data correction support

[Philip, Avinash]

On Fri, Oct 05, 2012 at 19:53:38, Ivan Djelic wrote:
> On Fri, Oct 05, 2012 at 09:51:50AM +0100, Philip, Avinash wrote:
> > On Thu, Oct 04, 2012 at 15:51:03, Philip, Avinash wrote:
> > > On Thu, Oct 04, 2012 at 00:50:45, Ivan Djelic wrote:
> > > > On Wed, Oct 03, 2012 at 03:29:49PM +0100, Philip, Avinash wrote:
> > > > > ELM module can be used for error correction of BCH 4 & 8 bit. Also
> > > > > support read & write page in one shot by adding custom read_page &
> > > > > write_page methods. This helps in optimizing code.
> > > > > 
> > > > > New structure member "is_elm_used" is added to know the status of
> > > > > whether the ELM module is used for error correction or not.
> > > > > 
> > > > > Note:
> > > > > ECC layout of BCH8 uses 14 bytes for 512 byte of data to make compatible
> > > > > with RBL ECC layout, even though the requirement was only 13 byte. This
> > > > > results a common ecc layout across RBL, U-boot & Linux.
> > > > > 
> > > > 
> > > > See a few comments below,
> > > > 
> > > > (...)
> > > > > +static int omap_elm_correct_data(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char *dat,
> > > > > +                               u_char *read_ecc, u_char *calc_ecc)
> > > > > +{
> > > > > +       struct omap_nand_info *info = container_of(mtd, struct omap_nand_info,
> > > > > +                       mtd);
> > > > > +       int eccsteps = info->nand.ecc.steps;
> > > > > +       int i , j, stat = 0;
> > > > > +       int eccsize, eccflag, size;
> > > > > +       struct elm_errorvec err_vec[ERROR_VECTOR_MAX];
> > > > > +       u_char *ecc_vec = calc_ecc;
> > > > > +       enum bch_ecc type;
> > > > > +       bool is_error_reported = false;
> > > > > +
> > > > > +       /* initialize elm error vector to zero */
> > > > > +       memset(err_vec, 0, sizeof(err_vec));
> > > > > +       if (info->nand.ecc.strength == BCH8_MAX_ERROR) {
> > > > > +               size = BCH8_SIZE;
> > > > > +               eccsize = BCH8_ECC_OOB_BYTES;
> > > > > +               type = BCH8_ECC;
> > > > > +       } else {
> > > > > +               size = BCH4_SIZE;
> > > > > +               eccsize = BCH4_SIZE;
> > > > > +               type = BCH4_ECC;
> > > > > +       }
> > > > > +
> > > > > +       for (i = 0; i < eccsteps ; i++) {
> > > > > +               eccflag = 0;    /* initialize eccflag */
> > > > > +
> > > > > +               for (j = 0; (j < eccsize); j++) {
> > > > > +                       if (read_ecc[j] != 0xFF) {
> > > > > +                               eccflag = 1;    /* data area is flashed */
> > > > 
> > > > Just a reminder: this way of checking if a page has been programmed is not robust to bitflips,
> > > > so you may get into trouble with UBIFS on a fairly recent device.
> > 
> > Sorry I missed this point.
> > 
> > Here we were checking data in spare area (only in ecc layout 14*4 for BCH8) is 0xFF. If all data
> > in spare area is 0xFF, conclude that the page is erased & no need of error correction. In case
> > of bit flip present in spare area, page will be reported as uncorrectable.
> > But I am not understand understand " trouble with UBIFS on a fairly recent device".
> > Can you little elaborativ
> 
> There are at least 2 potential problems when reading an erased page with bitflips:
> 
> 1. bitflip in data area and no bitflip in spare area (all 0xff)
> Your code will not perform any ECC correction.
> UBIFS does not like finding bitflips in empty pages, see for instance
> http://lists.infradead.org/pipermail/linux-mtd/2012-March/040328.html.

In case of error correction using ELM, syndrome vector calculated after reading
Data area & OOB area. So handling of erased page requires a software workaround.
I am planning something as follows.

I will first check calculated ecc, which would be zero for non error pages.
Then I would check 0xFF in OOB area (for erased page) by checking number of
bit zeros in OOB area.  If it is 0xFF (number of bit zero count is zero),
set entire page as 0xFF if number of bit zeros is less than max bit flips
(8 or 4) by counting the number of bit zero's in data area.

This logic is implemented in fsmc_nand.c

See commit
mtd: fsmc: Newly erased page read algorithm implemented

> 
> 2. bitflip in ECC bytes in spare area
> Your code will report an uncorrectable error upon reading; if this happens while reading a partially programmed UBI block,
> I guess you will lose data.

In case of uncorrectable errors due to bit flips in spare area,
I can go on checking number of bit zero's in data area + OOB area
are less than max bit flips (8 or 4), I can go on setting the entire
page as 0xFF.

Thanks
Avinash

> 
> BR,
> --
> Ivan
>