[PATCH net-next 0/8] Improvements for RealTek 2.5G Ethernet PHYs

[Daniel Golle]

On Thu, May 11, 2023 at 02:28:15AM +0200, Andrew Lunn wrote:
> On Thu, May 11, 2023 at 12:53:22AM +0200, Daniel Golle wrote:
> > Improve support for RealTek 2.5G Ethernet PHYs (RTL822x series).
> > The PHYs can operate with Clause-22 and Clause-45 MDIO.
> > 
> > When using Clause-45 it is desireable to avoid rate-adapter mode and
> > rather have the MAC interface mode follow the PHY speed. The PHYs
> > support 2500Base-X for 2500M, and Cisco SGMII for 1000M/100M/10M.
> 
> I don't see what clause-45 has to do with this. The driver knows that
> both C22 and C45 addresses spaces exists in the hardware. It can do
> reads/writes on both. If the bus master does not support C45, C45 over
> C22 will be performed by the core.

My understanding is/was that switching the SerDes interface mode is only
intended with Clause-45 PHYs, derived from this comment and code:

https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/drivers/net/phy/phylink.c#n1661


Hence I concluded that for Clause-22 PHYs we expect the interface mode
to always remain the same, while many Clause-45 PHYs require switching
the SerDes interface mode depending on the speed of the external link.
Trying to use interface mode switching (in the .read_status function)
with is_c45 == false also just didn't work well:

https://github.com/openwrt/openwrt/pull/11990#issuecomment-1503160296


Up to 1000M this has no really been a problem, as the Cisco SGMII SerDes
supports 10M, 100M and 1000M speeds. Starting with 2500M things have
became more complicated, and we usually have the choice of either have
the MAC<->PHY link operate at a contant mode and speed (e.g. 2500Base-X)
or having to switch the MAC<->PHY interface mode (e.g. between
2500Base-X and SGMII) depending on whether the link speed on the
external interface is 2500M or not.

Looking at PHYs which support speeds beyond one gigabit/sec due to the
higher complexity and need for a larger register space most of them are
managed using Clause-45 MDIO. 2500Base-T PHYs are kind of the exception
because some of them (esp. RealTek) are still mostly being managed using
Clause-22 MDIO using proprietary paging mechanisms to enlarge the
register space.

I also don't like overloading the meaning of is_c45 to decide whether
rate-adapter mode should be used or not, neither do I like the idea to
tie the use of phylink to using SGMII in-band-status or not -- but at
this point both do correlate and there aren't any other feature flags or
validation methods to do it in a better way. In the end this can also
just be solved by documenation, ie. makeing sure that those facts are
well understood: interface mode switching only being supported when
using Clause-45 MDIO and also the fact that phylink expects operating
Cisco SGMII without in-band-status when connecting to a managed PHY.