[PATCH 6/7] i3c: mipi-i3c-hci-pci: Add support for Multi-Bus Instances

Frank Li Frank.li at nxp.com
Tue Dec 9 09:10:43 PST 2025


On Tue, Dec 09, 2025 at 01:51:03PM +0200, Adrian Hunter wrote:
> A MIPI I3C Host Controller with the Multi-Bus Instance capability supports
> multiple I3C Buses (up to 15), with one instance of the HCI Register Set
> and one instance of I3C Bus Controller Logic for each I3C Bus, in a single
> hardware function (e.g. PCIe B/D/F).
>
> Convert to a Multifunction driver and create an MFD cell for each instance.
> Create a separate platform device for each instance.  Use platform_data to
> pass the instance's register set start address.
>
> MIPI I3C specification defines an Extended Capability to hold the offset
> of each instance register set.  However parsing to find that information is
> relatively complicated compared with just including it in the driver data.
> Do that for now.
>
> Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter at intel.com>
> ---
>  drivers/i3c/master/Kconfig                    |   1 +
>  .../master/mipi-i3c-hci/mipi-i3c-hci-pci.c    | 180 +++++++++++++-----
>  2 files changed, 131 insertions(+), 50 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/drivers/i3c/master/Kconfig b/drivers/i3c/master/Kconfig
> index 82cf330778d5..2609f2b18e0a 100644
> --- a/drivers/i3c/master/Kconfig
> +++ b/drivers/i3c/master/Kconfig
> @@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ config MIPI_I3C_HCI_PCI
>  	tristate "MIPI I3C Host Controller Interface PCI support"
>  	depends on MIPI_I3C_HCI
>  	depends on PCI
> +	select MFD_CORE
>  	help
>  	  Support for MIPI I3C Host Controller Interface compatible hardware
>  	  on the PCI bus.
> diff --git a/drivers/i3c/master/mipi-i3c-hci/mipi-i3c-hci-pci.c b/drivers/i3c/master/mipi-i3c-hci/mipi-i3c-hci-pci.c
> index ccaec5d3d248..145f9adadf75 100644
> --- a/drivers/i3c/master/mipi-i3c-hci/mipi-i3c-hci-pci.c
> +++ b/drivers/i3c/master/mipi-i3c-hci/mipi-i3c-hci-pci.c
> @@ -12,27 +12,43 @@
>  #include <linux/idr.h>
>  #include <linux/iopoll.h>
>  #include <linux/kernel.h>
> +#include <linux/mfd/core.h>
>  #include <linux/module.h>
>  #include <linux/pci.h>
> +#include <linux/platform_data/mipi-i3c-hci.h>
>  #include <linux/platform_device.h>
>  #include <linux/pm_qos.h>
>
> +/*
> + * There can up to 15 instances, but implementations have at most 2 at this
> + * time.
> + */
> +#define INST_MAX 2
> +
> +struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_instance {
> +	int dev_id;
> +	u32 offset;
> +};
> +
>  struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci {
>  	struct pci_dev *pci;
> -	struct platform_device *pdev;
> +	void __iomem *base;
>  	const struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_info *info;
> +	struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_instance instances[INST_MAX];
>  	void *private;
>  };
>
>  struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_info {
> +	struct mipi_i3c_hci_platform_data pdata;
>  	int (*init)(struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci);
>  	void (*exit)(struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci);
> +	u32 instance_offset[INST_MAX - 1]; /* Excludes instance at offset 0 */

what difference with mipi_i3c_hci_pci_instance: offset?

> +	int instance_count;
>  };
>
>  static DEFINE_IDA(mipi_i3c_hci_pci_ida);
>
>  #define INTEL_PRIV_OFFSET		0x2b0
> -#define INTEL_PRIV_SIZE			0x28
>  #define INTEL_RESETS			0x04
>  #define INTEL_RESETS_RESET		BIT(0)
>  #define INTEL_RESETS_RESET_DONE		BIT(1)
> @@ -143,19 +159,12 @@ static void intel_reset(void __iomem *priv)
>  	writel(INTEL_RESETS_RESET, priv + INTEL_RESETS);
>  }
>
> -static void __iomem *intel_priv(struct pci_dev *pci)
> -{
> -	resource_size_t base = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
> -
> -	return devm_ioremap(&pci->dev, base + INTEL_PRIV_OFFSET, INTEL_PRIV_SIZE);
> -}
> -
>  static int intel_i3c_init(struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci)
>  {
>  	struct intel_host *host = devm_kzalloc(&hci->pci->dev, sizeof(*host), GFP_KERNEL);
> -	void __iomem *priv = intel_priv(hci->pci);
> +	void __iomem *priv = hci->base + INTEL_PRIV_OFFSET;

Does need lock if mult instance to access this MMIO space? Especial enable
disable irq, which generally use read modify write pattern.

>
> -	if (!host || !priv)
> +	if (!host)
>  		return -ENOMEM;
>
>  	dma_set_mask_and_coherent(&hci->pci->dev, DMA_BIT_MASK(64));
> @@ -187,12 +196,106 @@ static const struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_info intel_info = {
>  static const struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_info dflt_info = {
>  };
>
> +static void mipi_i3c_hci_pci_init_ids(struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci)
> +{
> +	/* 0 is a valid id, so set unallocated ids to -1 */
> +	for (int i = 0; i < INST_MAX; i++)
> +		hci->instances[i].dev_id = -1;
> +}
> +
> +static void mipi_i3c_hci_pci_free_ids(struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci)
> +{
> +	/* ida_free() ignores negative ids */
> +	for (int i = 0; i < INST_MAX; i++)
> +		ida_free(&mipi_i3c_hci_pci_ida, hci->instances[i].dev_id);
> +
> +	mipi_i3c_hci_pci_init_ids(hci);
> +}
> +
> +static int mipi_i3c_hci_pci_alloc_ids(struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci, int nr)
> +{
> +	int dev_id;
> +
> +	mipi_i3c_hci_pci_init_ids(hci);
> +
> +	for (int i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
> +		dev_id = ida_alloc(&mipi_i3c_hci_pci_ida, GFP_KERNEL);
> +		if (dev_id < 0)
> +			goto err_free_ids;
> +		hci->instances[i].dev_id = dev_id;
> +	}
> +
> +	return 0;
> +
> +err_free_ids:
> +	mipi_i3c_hci_pci_free_ids(hci);
> +	return -ENOMEM;
> +}

Feel like above logic have some complex, add nr in mipi_i3c_hci_pci.
INST_MAX can be 15.

mipi_i3c_hci_pci_free_ids(hci)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < hci->nr; i++)
		ida_free(&mipi_i3c_hci_pci_ida, hci->instances[i].dev_id);
}

mipi_i3c_hci_pci_alloc_ids(hci, nr)
{
	for (int i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
		dev_id = ida_alloc(&mipi_i3c_hci_pci_ida, GFP_KERNEL);
		if (dev_id) < 0)
			goto err_free_ids;

		hci->nr = i;
	}

	return 0;

err_free_ids:
	mipi_i3c_hci_pci_free_ids(hci)
	return --ENOMEM;
}

> +
> +struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_cell_data {
> +	struct mipi_i3c_hci_platform_data pdata;
> +	struct resource res;
> +};
> +
> +static void mipi_i3c_hci_pci_setup_cell(struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci, int idx,
> +					struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_cell_data *data,
> +					struct mfd_cell *cell)
> +{
> +	u32 offset = idx ? hci->info->instance_offset[idx - 1] : 0;

When idx is 1, copy from instance_offset[0] ?

when idx is 0, offset is 0, so hci->instances[0].offset = offset;
so hci->instances[0].offset is 0.

then hci->instances[1].offset will be 0?

> +
> +	hci->instances[idx].offset = offset;
> +
> +	data->pdata = hci->info->pdata;
> +	data->pdata.base_regs = hci->base + offset;
> +
> +	data->res = DEFINE_RES_IRQ(0);
> +
> +	cell->name = "mipi-i3c-hci";
> +	cell->id = hci->instances[idx].dev_id;
> +	cell->platform_data = &data->pdata;
> +	cell->pdata_size = sizeof(data->pdata);
> +	cell->num_resources = 1;
> +	cell->resources = &data->res;
> +}
> +
> +static int mipi_i3c_hci_pci_add_instances(struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci)
> +{
> +	int instance_count = hci->info->instance_count + 1; /* Include instance at offset 0 */
> +	struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_cell_data *data __free(kfree);

now prefer assign value when declear, see cleanup.h

	struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_cell_data *data __free(kfree) =
		kcalloc(instance_count, sizeof(*data), GFP_KERNEL);

> +	struct mfd_cell *cells __free(kfree);
> +	int irq;
> +	int ret;
> +
> +	cells = kcalloc(instance_count, sizeof(*cells), GFP_KERNEL);
> +	data = kcalloc(instance_count, sizeof(*data), GFP_KERNEL);
> +	if (!cells || !data)
> +		return -ENOMEM;
> +
> +	ret = mipi_i3c_hci_pci_alloc_ids(hci, instance_count);
> +	if (ret)
> +		return ret;
> +
> +	for (int i = 0; i < instance_count; i++)
> +		mipi_i3c_hci_pci_setup_cell(hci, i, data + i, cells + i);
> +
> +	irq = pci_irq_vector(hci->pci, 0);
> +
> +	ret = mfd_add_devices(&hci->pci->dev, 0, cells, instance_count, NULL, irq, NULL);
> +	if (ret)
> +		goto err_free_ids;
> +
> +	return 0;
> +
> +err_free_ids:
> +	mipi_i3c_hci_pci_free_ids(hci);
> +	return ret;
> +}
> +
>  static int mipi_i3c_hci_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
>  				  const struct pci_device_id *id)
>  {
>  	struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci;
> -	struct resource res[2];
> -	int dev_id, ret;
> +	int ret;
>
>  	hci = devm_kzalloc(&pci->dev, sizeof(*hci), GFP_KERNEL);
>  	if (!hci)
> @@ -204,68 +307,45 @@ static int mipi_i3c_hci_pci_probe(struct pci_dev *pci,
>  	if (ret)
>  		return ret;
>
> -	pci_set_master(pci);
> -
> -	memset(&res, 0, sizeof(res));
> -
> -	res[0].flags = IORESOURCE_MEM;
> -	res[0].start = pci_resource_start(pci, 0);
> -	res[0].end = pci_resource_end(pci, 0);
> -
> -	res[1].flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ;
> -	res[1].start = pci->irq;
> -	res[1].end = pci->irq;
> +	ret = pci_alloc_irq_vectors(pci, 1, 1, PCI_IRQ_ALL_TYPES);
> +	if (ret < 0)
> +		return ret;
>
> -	dev_id = ida_alloc(&mipi_i3c_hci_pci_ida, GFP_KERNEL);
> -	if (dev_id < 0)
> -		return dev_id;
> +	pci_set_master(pci);
>
> -	hci->pdev = platform_device_alloc("mipi-i3c-hci", dev_id);
> -	if (!hci->pdev)
> -		return -ENOMEM;
> +	hci->base = pcim_iomap_region(pci, 0, pci_name(pci));
> +	if (IS_ERR(hci->base))
> +		return PTR_ERR(hci->base);
>
> -	hci->pdev->dev.parent = &pci->dev;
> -	device_set_node(&hci->pdev->dev, dev_fwnode(&pci->dev));
> +	hci->info = (const struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_info *)id->driver_data ?: &dflt_info;
>
> -	ret = platform_device_add_resources(hci->pdev, res, ARRAY_SIZE(res));
> +	ret = hci->info->init ? hci->info->init(hci) : 0;
>  	if (ret)
> -		goto err;
> +		return ret;
>
> -	hci->info = (const struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci_info *)id->driver_data ?: &dflt_info;
> -	if (hci->info->init) {
> -		ret = hci->info->init(hci);
> -		if (ret)
> -			goto err;
> -	}
> +	pci_set_drvdata(pci, hci);
>
> -	ret = platform_device_add(hci->pdev);
> +	ret = mipi_i3c_hci_pci_add_instances(hci);
>  	if (ret)
>  		goto err_exit;
>
> -	pci_set_drvdata(pci, hci);
> -

Is it simple if

	for (int i = 0; i < nr; i++)
		platform_device_register_data(hci->pdev, data, ..., i);

Generally, mfd is used for difference kind devices. Do you know any exiting
code use for create multi instance?

Frank


>  	return 0;
>
>  err_exit:
>  	if (hci->info->exit)
>  		hci->info->exit(hci);
> -err:
> -	platform_device_put(hci->pdev);
> -	ida_free(&mipi_i3c_hci_pci_ida, dev_id);
>  	return ret;
>  }
>
>  static void mipi_i3c_hci_pci_remove(struct pci_dev *pci)
>  {
>  	struct mipi_i3c_hci_pci *hci = pci_get_drvdata(pci);
> -	struct platform_device *pdev = hci->pdev;
> -	int dev_id = pdev->id;
>
>  	if (hci->info->exit)
>  		hci->info->exit(hci);
>
> -	platform_device_unregister(pdev);
> -	ida_free(&mipi_i3c_hci_pci_ida, dev_id);
> +	mfd_remove_devices(&pci->dev);
> +	mipi_i3c_hci_pci_free_ids(hci);
>  }
>
>  static const struct pci_device_id mipi_i3c_hci_pci_devices[] = {
> --
> 2.51.0
>
>
> --
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