[PATCH 5.10/5.15] bpf, arm64: Fix off-by-one in check_imm signed range check

[Roman Demidov]

From: Daniel Borkmann <daniel at iogearbox.net>

commit 1dd8be4ec722ce54e4cace59f3a4ba658111b3ec upstream.

check_imm(bits, imm) is used in the arm64 BPF JIT to verify that
a branch displacement (in arm64 instruction units) fits into the
signed N-bit immediate field of a B, B.cond or CBZ/CBNZ encoding
before it is handed to the encoder. The macro currently tests for
(imm > 0 && imm >> bits) || (imm < 0 && ~imm >> bits) which admits
values in [-2^N, 2^N) — effectively a signed (N+1)-bit range. A
signed N-bit field only holds [-2^(N-1), 2^(N-1)), so the check
admits one extra bit of range on each side.

In particular, for check_imm19(), values in [2^18, 2^19) slip past
the check but do not fit into the 19-bit signed imm19 field of
B.cond. aarch64_insn_encode_immediate() then masks the raw value
into the 19-bit field, setting bit 18 (the sign bit) and flipping
a forward branch into a backward one. Same class of issue exists
for check_imm26() and the B/BL encoding. Shift by (bits - 1)
instead of bits so the actual signed N-bit range is enforced.

Fixes: e54bcde3d69d ("arm64: eBPF JIT compiler")
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel at iogearbox.net>
Reviewed-by: Puranjay Mohan <puranjay at kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260415121403.639619-2-daniel@iogearbox.net
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast at kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal at kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Roman Demidov <roman.demidov.nn at gmail.com>
---
Backport fix for CVE-2026-53036

 arch/arm64/net/bpf_jit_comp.c | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/net/bpf_jit_comp.c b/arch/arm64/net/bpf_jit_comp.c
index e98fe8c006cc..b67764f8a5f1 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/net/bpf_jit_comp.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/net/bpf_jit_comp.c
@@ -494,8 +494,8 @@ static int build_insn(const struct bpf_insn *insn, struct jit_ctx *ctx,
 	int ret;
 
 #define check_imm(bits, imm) do {				\
-	if ((((imm) > 0) && ((imm) >> (bits))) ||		\
-	    (((imm) < 0) && (~(imm) >> (bits)))) {		\
+	if ((((imm) > 0) && ((imm) >> ((bits) - 1))) ||		\
+	    (((imm) < 0) && (~(imm) >> ((bits) - 1)))) {	\
 		pr_info("[%2d] imm=%d(0x%x) out of range\n",	\
 			i, imm, imm);				\
 		return -EINVAL;					\
-- 
2.53.0