[PATCH v13 00/48] arm64: Support for Arm CCA in KVM

Fri Mar 20 12:15:46 PDT 2026

On Fri, Mar 20, 2026 at 04:45:49PM +0000, Steven Price wrote:
> On 19/03/2026 23:02, Mathieu Poirier wrote:
> > Good day,
> > 
> > On Wed, Mar 18, 2026 at 03:53:24PM +0000, Steven Price wrote:
> >> This series adds support for running protected VMs using KVM under the
> >> Arm Confidential Compute Architecture (CCA).
> >>
> >> New major version number! This now targets RMM v2.0-bet0[1]. And unlike
> >> for Linux this represents a significant change.
> >>
> >> RMM v2.0 brings with it the ability to configure the RMM to have the
> >> same page size as the host (so no more RMM_PAGE_SIZE and dealing with
> >> granules being different from host pages). It also introduces range
> >> based APIs for many operations which should be more efficient and
> >> simplifies the code in places.
> >>
> >> The handling of the GIC has changed, so the system registers are used to
> >> pass the GIC state rather than memory. This means fewer changes to the
> >> KVM code as it looks much like a normal VM in this respect.
> >>
> >> And of course the new uAPI introduced in the previous v12 posting is
> >> retained so that also remains simplified compared to earlier postings.
> >>
> >> The RMM support for v2.0 is still early and so this series includes a
> >> few hacks to ease the integration. Of note are that there are some RMM
> >> v1.0 SMCs added to paper over areas where the RMM implementation isn't
> >> quite ready for v2.0, and "SROs" (see below) are deferred to the final
> >> patch in the series.
> >>
> >> The PMU in RMM v2.0 requires more handling on the RMM-side (and
> >> therefore simplifies the implementation on Linux), but this isn't quite
> >> ready yet. The Linux side is implemented (but untested).
> >>
> >> PSCI still requires the VMM to provide the "target" REC for operations
> >> that affect another vCPU. This is likely to change in a future version
> >> of the specification. There's also a desire to force PSCI to be handled
> >> in the VMM for realm guests - this isn't implemented yet as I'm waiting
> >> for the dust to settle on the RMM interface first.
> >>
> >> Stateful RMI Operations
> >> -----------------------
> >>
> >> The RMM v2.0 spec brings a new concept of Stateful RMI Operations (SROs)
> >> which allow the RMM to complete an operation over several SMC calls and
> >> requesting/returning memory to the host. This has the benefit of
> >> allowing interrupts to be handled in the middle of an operation (by
> >> returning to the host to handle the interrupt without completing the
> >> operation) and enables the RMM to dynamically allocate memory for
> >> internal tracking purposes. One example of this is RMI_REC_CREATE no
> >> longer needs "auxiliary granules" provided upfront but can request the
> >> memory needed during the RMI_REC_CREATE operation.
> >>
> >> There are a fairly large number of operations that are defined as SROs
> >> in the specification, but current both Linux and RMM only have support
> >> for RMI_REC_CREATE and RMI_REC_DESTROY. There a number of TODOs/FIXMEs
> >> in the code where support is missing.
> >>
> >> Given the early stage support for this, the SRO handling is all confined
> >> to the final patch. This patch can be dropped to return to a pre-SRO
> >> state (albeit a mixture of RMM v1.0 and v2.0 APIs) for testing purposes.
> >>
> >> A future posting will reorder the series to move the generic SRO support
> >> to an early patch and will implement the proper support for this in all
> >> RMI SMCs.
> >>
> >> One aspect of SROs which is not yet well captured is that in some
> >> circumstances the Linux kernel will need to call an SRO call in a
> >> context where memory allocation is restricted (e.g. because a spinlock
> >> is held). In this case the intention is that the SRO will be cancelled,
> >> the spinlock dropped so the memory allocation can be completed, and then
> >> the SRO restarted (obviously after rechecking the state that the
> >> spinlock was protecting). For this reason the code stores the memory
> >> allocations within a struct rmi_sro_state object - see the final patch
> >> for more details.
> >>
> >> This series is based on v7.0-rc1. It is also available as a git
> >> repository:
> >>
> >> https://gitlab.arm.com/linux-arm/linux-cca cca-host/v13
> >>
> >> Work in progress changes for kvmtool are available from the git
> >> repository below:
> >>
> >> https://gitlab.arm.com/linux-arm/kvmtool-cca cca/v11
> >>
> >> Note that the kvmtool code has been tidied up (thanks to Suzuki) and
> >> this involves a minor change in flags. The "--restricted_mem" flag is no
> >> longer recognised (or necessary).
> >>
> >> The TF-RMM has not yet merged the RMMv2.0 support, so you will need to
> >> use the following branch:
> >>
> >> https://git.trustedfirmware.org/TF-RMM/tf-rmm.git topics/rmm-v2.0-poc
> > 
> > This RMM version is expecting a RMM EL3 interface version of at least 2.0.  Do
> > you have a TF-A to use with it?
> 
> You should be able to use the 'master' branch of the TF-A repository.
> For now you need to set RMM_V1_COMPAT=0 to enable 2.0 support.
>

That worked - thanks for the clarification.

> Thanks,
> Steve
> 
> > Thanks,
> > Mathieu
> > 
> >>
> >> [1] https://developer.arm.com/documentation/den0137/2-0bet0/
> >>
> >> Jean-Philippe Brucker (7):
> >>   arm64: RMI: Propagate number of breakpoints and watchpoints to
> >>     userspace
> >>   arm64: RMI: Set breakpoint parameters through SET_ONE_REG
> >>   arm64: RMI: Initialize PMCR.N with number counter supported by RMM
> >>   arm64: RMI: Propagate max SVE vector length from RMM
> >>   arm64: RMI: Configure max SVE vector length for a Realm
> >>   arm64: RMI: Provide register list for unfinalized RMI RECs
> >>   arm64: RMI: Provide accurate register list
> >>
> >> Joey Gouly (2):
> >>   arm64: RMI: allow userspace to inject aborts
> >>   arm64: RMI: support RSI_HOST_CALL
> >>
> >> Steven Price (36):
> >>   kvm: arm64: Avoid including linux/kvm_host.h in kvm_pgtable.h
> >>   arm64: RME: Handle Granule Protection Faults (GPFs)
> >>   arm64: RMI: Add SMC definitions for calling the RMM
> >>   arm64: RMI: Temporarily add SMCs from RMM v1.0 spec
> >>   arm64: RMI: Add wrappers for RMI calls
> >>   arm64: RMI: Check for RMI support at KVM init
> >>   arm64: RMI: Configure the RMM with the host's page size
> >>   arm64: RMI: Check for LPA2 support
> >>   arm64: RMI: Ensure that the RMM has GPT entries for memory
> >>   arm64: RMI: Define the user ABI
> >>   arm64: RMI: Basic infrastructure for creating a realm.
> >>   KVM: arm64: Allow passing machine type in KVM creation
> >>   arm64: RMI: RTT tear down
> >>   arm64: RMI: Activate realm on first VCPU run
> >>   arm64: RMI: Allocate/free RECs to match vCPUs
> >>   arm64: RMI: Support for the VGIC in realms
> >>   KVM: arm64: Support timers in realm RECs
> >>   arm64: RMI: Handle realm enter/exit
> >>   arm64: RMI: Handle RMI_EXIT_RIPAS_CHANGE
> >>   KVM: arm64: Handle realm MMIO emulation
> >>   KVM: arm64: Expose support for private memory
> >>   arm64: RMI: Allow populating initial contents
> >>   arm64: RMI: Set RIPAS of initial memslots
> >>   arm64: RMI: Create the realm descriptor
> >>   arm64: RMI: Runtime faulting of memory
> >>   KVM: arm64: Handle realm VCPU load
> >>   KVM: arm64: Validate register access for a Realm VM
> >>   KVM: arm64: Handle Realm PSCI requests
> >>   KVM: arm64: WARN on injected undef exceptions
> >>   arm64: Don't expose stolen time for realm guests
> >>   arm64: RMI: Always use 4k pages for realms
> >>   arm64: RMI: Prevent Device mappings for Realms
> >>   arm64: RMI: Enable PMU support with a realm guest
> >>   KVM: arm64: Expose KVM_ARM_VCPU_REC to user space
> >>   arm64: RMI: Enable realms to be created
> >>   [WIP] arm64: RMI: Add support for SRO
> >>
> >> Suzuki K Poulose (3):
> >>   kvm: arm64: Include kvm_emulate.h in kvm/arm_psci.h
> >>   kvm: arm64: Don't expose unsupported capabilities for realm guests
> >>   arm64: RMI: Allow checking SVE on VM instance
> >>
> >>  Documentation/virt/kvm/api.rst       |   86 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_emulate.h |   31 +
> >>  arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_host.h    |   15 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pgtable.h |    5 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_pkvm.h    |    2 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_rmi.h     |  129 ++
> >>  arch/arm64/include/asm/rmi_cmds.h    |  692 +++++++++
> >>  arch/arm64/include/asm/rmi_smc.h     |  430 ++++++
> >>  arch/arm64/include/asm/virt.h        |    1 +
> >>  arch/arm64/kernel/cpufeature.c       |    1 +
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/Kconfig               |    2 +
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/Makefile              |    2 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/arch_timer.c          |   28 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/arm.c                 |  178 ++-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/guest.c               |   95 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/pgtable.c         |    1 +
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/hypercalls.c          |    4 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/inject_fault.c        |    5 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/mmio.c                |   16 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/mmu.c                 |  214 ++-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/pmu-emul.c            |    6 +
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/psci.c                |   30 +
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/reset.c               |   13 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/rmi-exit.c            |  207 +++
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/rmi.c                 | 1948 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/sys_regs.c            |   53 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-init.c      |    2 +-
> >>  arch/arm64/mm/fault.c                |   28 +-
> >>  include/kvm/arm_arch_timer.h         |    2 +
> >>  include/kvm/arm_pmu.h                |    4 +
> >>  include/kvm/arm_psci.h               |    2 +
> >>  include/uapi/linux/kvm.h             |   41 +-
> >>  32 files changed, 4176 insertions(+), 97 deletions(-)
> >>  create mode 100644 arch/arm64/include/asm/kvm_rmi.h
> >>  create mode 100644 arch/arm64/include/asm/rmi_cmds.h
> >>  create mode 100644 arch/arm64/include/asm/rmi_smc.h
> >>  create mode 100644 arch/arm64/kvm/rmi-exit.c
> >>  create mode 100644 arch/arm64/kvm/rmi.c
> >>
> >> -- 
> >> 2.43.0
> >>
> >>
> 