[PATCH v2 19/36] KVM: arm64: gic-v5: Check for pending PPIs
Sascha Bischoff
Sascha.Bischoff at arm.com
Thu Jan 8 08:21:09 PST 2026
On Thu, 2026-01-08 at 16:10 +0000, Joey Gouly wrote:
> Small nit,
>
> On Fri, Dec 19, 2025 at 03:52:42PM +0000, Sascha Bischoff wrote:
> > This change allows KVM to check for pending PPI interrupts. This
> > has
> > two main components:
> >
> > First of all, the effective priority mask is calculated. This is a
> > combination of the priority mask in the VPEs ICC_PCR_EL1.PRIORITY
> > and
> > the currently running priority as determined from the VPE's
> > ICH_APR_EL1. If an interrupt's prioirity is greater than or equal
> > to
> > the effective priority mask, it can be signalled. Otherwise, it
> > cannot.
> >
> > Secondly, any Enabled and Pending PPIs must be checked against this
> > compound priority mask. The reqires the PPI priorities to by synced
> > back to the KVM shadow state - this is skipped in general operation
> > as
> > it isn't required and is rather expensive. If any Enabled and
> > Pending
> > PPIs are of sufficient priority to be signalled, then there are
> > pending PPIs. Else, there are not. This ensures that a VPE is not
> > woken when it cannot actually process the pending interrupts.
> >
> > Signed-off-by: Sascha Bischoff <sascha.bischoff at arm.com>
> > ---
> > arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c | 121
> > ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
> > arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c | 5 +-
> > arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h | 1 +
> > 3 files changed, 126 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> > b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> > index cb3dd872d16a6..c7ecc4f40b1e5 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-v5.c
> > @@ -56,6 +56,31 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info
> > *info)
> > return 0;
> > }
> >
> > +static u32 vgic_v5_get_effective_priority_mask(struct kvm_vcpu
> > *vcpu)
> > +{
> > + struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu-
> > >arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
> > + u32 highest_ap, priority_mask;
> > +
> > + /*
> > + * Counting the number of trailing zeros gives the current
> > + * active priority. Explicitly use the 32-bit version here
> > as
> > + * we have 32 priorities. 0x20 then means that there are
> > no
> > + * active priorities.
> > + */
> > + highest_ap = cpu_if->vgic_apr ? __builtin_ctz(cpu_if-
> > >vgic_apr) : 32;
> > +
> > + /*
> > + * An interrupt is of sufficient priority if it is equal
> > to or
> > + * greater than the priority mask. Add 1 to the priority
> > mask
> > + * (i.e., lower priority) to match the APR logic before
> > taking
> > + * the min. This gives us the lowest priority that is
> > masked.
> > + */
> > + priority_mask = FIELD_GET(FEAT_GCIE_ICH_VMCR_EL2_VPMR,
> > cpu_if->vgic_vmcr);
> > + priority_mask = min(highest_ap, priority_mask + 1);
> > +
> > + return priority_mask;
> > +}
> > +
> > static bool vgic_v5_ppi_set_pending_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
> > struct vgic_irq *irq)
> > {
> > @@ -131,6 +156,102 @@ void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq
> > *irq)
> > }
> > }
> >
> > +
> > +/*
> > + * Sync back the PPI priorities to the vgic_irq shadow state
> > + */
> > +static void vgic_v5_sync_ppi_priorities(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> > +{
> > + struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu-
> > >arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
> > + int i, reg;
> > +
> > + /* We have 16 PPI Priority regs */
> > + for (reg = 0; reg < 16; reg++) {
> > + const unsigned long priorityr = cpu_if-
> > >vgic_ppi_priorityr[reg];
> > +
> > + for (i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
> > + struct vgic_irq *irq;
> > + u32 intid;
> > + u8 priority;
> > +
> > + priority = (priorityr >> (i * 8)) & 0x1f;
> > +
> > + intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE,
> > GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
> > + intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, reg *
> > 8 + i);
> > +
> > + irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
> > +
> > + scoped_guard(raw_spinlock, &irq->irq_lock)
> > + irq->priority = priority;
> > +
> > + vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
> > + }
> > + }
> > +}
> > +
> > +bool vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> > +{
> > + struct vgic_v5_cpu_if *cpu_if = &vcpu-
> > >arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v5;
> > + int i, reg;
> > + unsigned int priority_mask;
> > +
> > + /* If no pending bits are set, exit early */
> > + if (likely(!cpu_if->vgic_ppi_pendr[0] && !cpu_if-
> > >vgic_ppi_pendr[1]))
> > + return false;
> > +
> > + priority_mask = vgic_v5_get_effective_priority_mask(vcpu);
> > +
> > + /* If the combined priority mask is 0, nothing can be
> > signalled! */
> > + if (!priority_mask)
> > + return false;
> > +
> > + /* The shadow priority is only updated on demand, sync it
> > across first */
> > + vgic_v5_sync_ppi_priorities(vcpu);
> > +
> > + for (reg = 0; reg < 2; reg++) {
> > + unsigned long possible_bits;
> > + const unsigned long enabler = cpu_if-
> > >vgic_ich_ppi_enabler_exit[reg];
> > + const unsigned long pendr = cpu_if-
> > >vgic_ppi_pendr_exit[reg];
> > + bool has_pending = false;
> > +
> > + /* Check all interrupts that are enabled and
> > pending */
> > + possible_bits = enabler & pendr;
> > +
> > + /*
> > + * Optimisation: pending and enabled with no
> > active priorities
> > + */
> > + if (possible_bits && priority_mask > 0x1f)
> > + return true;
> > +
> > + for_each_set_bit(i, &possible_bits, 64) {
> > + struct vgic_irq *irq;
> > + u32 intid;
> > +
> > + intid = FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE,
> > GICV5_HWIRQ_TYPE_PPI);
> > + intid |= FIELD_PREP(GICV5_HWIRQ_ID, reg *
> > 64 + i);
> > +
> > + irq = vgic_get_vcpu_irq(vcpu, intid);
> > +
> > + scoped_guard(raw_spinlock, &irq->irq_lock)
> > {
> > + /*
> > + * We know that the interrupt is
> > + * enabled and pending, so only
> > check
> > + * the priority.
> > + */
> > + if (irq->priority <=
> > priority_mask)
> > + has_pending = true;
> > + }
> > +
> > + vgic_put_irq(vcpu->kvm, irq);
> > +
> > + if (has_pending)
> > + return true;
> > + }
> > + }
> > +
> > + return false;
> > +}
> > +
> > /*
> > * Detect any PPIs state changes, and propagate the state with
> > KVM's
> > * shadow structures.
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> > b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> > index cb5d43b34462b..dfec6ed7936ed 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.c
> > @@ -1180,9 +1180,12 @@ int kvm_vgic_vcpu_pending_irq(struct
> > kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> > unsigned long flags;
> > struct vgic_vmcr vmcr;
> >
> > - if (!vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.enabled)
> > + if (!vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.enabled && !vgic_is_v5(vcpu-
> > >kvm))
> > return false;
> >
> > + if (vcpu->kvm->arch.vgic.vgic_model ==
> > KVM_DEV_TYPE_ARM_VGIC_V5)
>
> if (vgic_is_v5(vcpu->kvm))
>
Ah, yes. Cheers!
> Otherwise:
>
> Reviewed-by: Joey Gouly <joey.gouly at arm.com>
Thanks,
Sascha
>
> > + return vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(vcpu);
> > +
> > if (vcpu->arch.vgic_cpu.vgic_v3.its_vpe.pending_last)
> > return true;
> >
> > diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
> > b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
> > index 978d7f8426361..65c031da83e78 100644
> > --- a/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
> > +++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic.h
> > @@ -388,6 +388,7 @@ int vgic_v5_probe(const struct gic_kvm_info
> > *info);
> > void vgic_v5_get_implemented_ppis(void);
> > void vgic_v5_set_ppi_ops(struct vgic_irq *irq);
> > int vgic_v5_set_ppi_dvi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 irq, bool dvi);
> > +bool vgic_v5_has_pending_ppi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
> > void vgic_v5_flush_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
> > void vgic_v5_fold_ppi_state(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
> > void vgic_v5_load(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
> > --
> > 2.34.1
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