[PATCH net-next v8 1/9] dpll: documentation on DPLL subsystem interface
Vadim Fedorenko
vadim.fedorenko at linux.dev
Wed Sep 13 13:49:35 PDT 2023
Add documentation explaining common netlink interface to configure DPLL
devices and monitoring events. Common way to implement DPLL device in
a driver is also covered.
Co-developed-by: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme at gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Bagas Sanjaya <bagasdotme at gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Vadim Fedorenko <vadim.fedorenko at linux.dev>
Signed-off-by: Arkadiusz Kubalewski <arkadiusz.kubalewski at intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Pirko <jiri at nvidia.com>
---
v5->v6:
- rename pin attr enum name DPLL_A_PIN_DPLL_CAPS -> DPLL_A_PIN_CAPABILITIES
- fix MUX-ed pin example
v4->v5:
- fix typos
- fix after split pin/dpll attribute spaces
- add the reference to the drivers with DPLL implemented
v3->v4:
- tag collection
- rebase on top of net-next
v2->v3:
- remove DETACHED mode
v1->v2:
- add description of DETACHED mode
Documentation/driver-api/dpll.rst | 497 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Documentation/driver-api/index.rst | 1 +
2 files changed, 498 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 Documentation/driver-api/dpll.rst
diff --git a/Documentation/driver-api/dpll.rst b/Documentation/driver-api/dpll.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bb52f1b8c0be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/driver-api/dpll.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+===============================
+The Linux kernel dpll subsystem
+===============================
+
+DPLL
+====
+
+PLL - Phase Locked Loop is an electronic circuit which syntonizes clock
+signal of a device with an external clock signal. Effectively enabling
+device to run on the same clock signal beat as provided on a PLL input.
+
+DPLL - Digital Phase Locked Loop is an integrated circuit which in
+addition to plain PLL behavior incorporates a digital phase detector
+and may have digital divider in the loop. As a result, the frequency on
+DPLL's input and output may be configurable.
+
+Subsystem
+=========
+
+The main purpose of dpll subsystem is to provide general interface
+to configure devices that use any kind of Digital PLL and could use
+different sources of input signal to synchronize to, as well as
+different types of outputs.
+The main interface is NETLINK_GENERIC based protocol with an event
+monitoring multicast group defined.
+
+Device object
+=============
+
+Single dpll device object means single Digital PLL circuit and bunch of
+connected pins.
+It reports the supported modes of operation and current status to the
+user in response to the `do` request of netlink command
+``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET`` and list of dplls registered in the subsystem
+with `dump` netlink request of the same command.
+Changing the configuration of dpll device is done with `do` request of
+netlink ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_SET`` command.
+A device handle is ``DPLL_A_ID``, it shall be provided to get or set
+configuration of particular device in the system. It can be obtained
+with a ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET`` `dump` request or
+a ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_ID_GET`` `do` request, where the one must provide
+attributes that result in single device match.
+
+Pin object
+==========
+
+A pin is amorphic object which represents either input or output, it
+could be internal component of the device, as well as externally
+connected.
+The number of pins per dpll vary, but usually multiple pins shall be
+provided for a single dpll device.
+Pin's properties, capabilities and status is provided to the user in
+response to `do` request of netlink ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` command.
+It is also possible to list all the pins that were registered in the
+system with `dump` request of ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` command.
+Configuration of a pin can be changed by `do` request of netlink
+``DPLL_CMD_PIN_SET`` command.
+Pin handle is a ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``, it shall be provided to get or set
+configuration of particular pin in the system. It can be obtained with
+``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` `dump` request or ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_ID_GET`` `do`
+request, where user provides attributes that result in single pin match.
+
+Pin selection
+=============
+
+In general, selected pin (the one which signal is driving the dpll
+device) can be obtained from ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` attribute, and only
+one pin shall be in ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_CONNECTED`` state for any dpll
+device.
+
+Pin selection can be done either manually or automatically, depending
+on hardware capabilities and active dpll device work mode
+(``DPLL_A_MODE`` attribute). The consequence is that there are
+differences for each mode in terms of available pin states, as well as
+for the states the user can request for a dpll device.
+
+In manual mode (``DPLL_MODE_MANUAL``) the user can request or receive
+one of following pin states:
+
+- ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_CONNECTED`` - the pin is used to drive dpll device
+- ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_DISCONNECTED`` - the pin is not used to drive dpll
+ device
+
+In automatic mode (``DPLL_MODE_AUTOMATIC``) the user can request or
+receive one of following pin states:
+
+- ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_SELECTABLE`` - the pin shall be considered as valid
+ input for automatic selection algorithm
+- ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_DISCONNECTED`` - the pin shall be not considered as
+ a valid input for automatic selection algorithm
+
+In automatic mode (``DPLL_MODE_AUTOMATIC``) the user can only receive
+pin state ``DPLL_PIN_STATE_CONNECTED`` once automatic selection
+algorithm locks a dpll device with one of the inputs.
+
+Shared pins
+===========
+
+A single pin object can be attached to multiple dpll devices.
+Then there are two groups of configuration knobs:
+
+1) Set on a pin - the configuration affects all dpll devices pin is
+ registered to (i.e., ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY``),
+2) Set on a pin-dpll tuple - the configuration affects only selected
+ dpll device (i.e., ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO``, ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE``,
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_DIRECTION``).
+
+MUX-type pins
+=============
+
+A pin can be MUX-type, it aggregates child pins and serves as a pin
+multiplexer. One or more pins are registered with MUX-type instead of
+being directly registered to a dpll device.
+Pins registered with a MUX-type pin provide user with additional nested
+attribute ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN`` for each parent they were registered
+with.
+If a pin was registered with multiple parent pins, they behave like a
+multiple output multiplexer. In this case output of a
+``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` would contain multiple pin-parent nested
+attributes with current state related to each parent, like:
+
+'pin': [{{
+ 'clock-id': 282574471561216,
+ 'module-name': 'ice',
+ 'capabilities': 4,
+ 'id': 13,
+ 'parent-pin': [
+ {'parent-id': 2, 'state': 'connected'},
+ {'parent-id': 3, 'state': 'disconnected'}
+ ],
+ 'type': 'synce-eth-port'
+ }}]
+
+Only one child pin can provide its signal to the parent MUX-type pin at
+a time, the selection is done by requesting change of a child pin state
+on desired parent, with the use of ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT`` nested
+attribute. Example of netlink `set state on parent pin` message format:
+
+ ========================== =============================================
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID`` child pin id
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN`` nested attribute for requesting configuration
+ related to parent pin
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID`` parent pin id
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` requested pin state on parent
+ ========================== =============================================
+
+Pin priority
+============
+
+Some devices might offer a capability of automatic pin selection mode
+(enum value ``DPLL_MODE_AUTOMATIC`` of ``DPLL_A_MODE`` attribute).
+Usually, automatic selection is performed on the hardware level, which
+means only pins directly connected to the dpll can be used for automatic
+input pin selection.
+In automatic selection mode, the user cannot manually select a input
+pin for the device, instead the user shall provide all directly
+connected pins with a priority ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO``, the device would
+pick a highest priority valid signal and use it to control the DPLL
+device. Example of netlink `set priority on parent pin` message format:
+
+ ============================ =============================================
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID`` configured pin id
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE`` nested attribute for requesting configuration
+ related to parent dpll device
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID`` parent dpll device id
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO`` requested pin prio on parent dpll
+ ============================ =============================================
+
+Child pin of MUX-type pin is not capable of automatic input pin selection,
+in order to configure active input of a MUX-type pin, the user needs to
+request desired pin state of the child pin on the parent pin,
+as described in the ``MUX-type pins`` chapter.
+
+Configuration commands group
+============================
+
+Configuration commands are used to get information about registered
+dpll devices (and pins), as well as set configuration of device or pins.
+As dpll devices must be abstracted and reflect real hardware,
+there is no way to add new dpll device via netlink from user space and
+each device should be registered by its driver.
+
+All netlink commands require ``GENL_ADMIN_PERM``. This is to prevent
+any spamming/DoS from unauthorized userspace applications.
+
+List of netlink commands with possible attributes
+=================================================
+
+Constants identifying command types for dpll device uses a
+``DPLL_CMD_`` prefix and suffix according to command purpose.
+The dpll device related attributes use a ``DPLL_A_`` prefix and
+suffix according to attribute purpose.
+
+ ==================================== =================================
+ ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_ID_GET`` command to get device ID
+ ``DPLL_A_MODULE_NAME`` attr module name of registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_CLOCK_ID`` attr Unique Clock Identifier
+ (EUI-64), as defined by the
+ IEEE 1588 standard
+ ``DPLL_A_TYPE`` attr type of dpll device
+ ==================================== =================================
+
+ ==================================== =================================
+ ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET`` command to get device info or
+ dump list of available devices
+ ``DPLL_A_ID`` attr unique dpll device ID
+ ``DPLL_A_MODULE_NAME`` attr module name of registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_CLOCK_ID`` attr Unique Clock Identifier
+ (EUI-64), as defined by the
+ IEEE 1588 standard
+ ``DPLL_A_MODE`` attr selection mode
+ ``DPLL_A_MODE_SUPPORTED`` attr available selection modes
+ ``DPLL_A_LOCK_STATUS`` attr dpll device lock status
+ ``DPLL_A_TEMP`` attr device temperature info
+ ``DPLL_A_TYPE`` attr type of dpll device
+ ==================================== =================================
+
+ ==================================== =================================
+ ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_SET`` command to set dpll device config
+ ``DPLL_A_ID`` attr internal dpll device index
+ ``DPLL_A_MODE`` attr selection mode to configure
+ ==================================== =================================
+
+Constants identifying command types for pins uses a
+``DPLL_CMD_PIN_`` prefix and suffix according to command purpose.
+The pin related attributes use a ``DPLL_A_PIN_`` prefix and suffix
+according to attribute purpose.
+
+ ==================================== =================================
+ ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_ID_GET`` command to get pin ID
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_MODULE_NAME`` attr module name of registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_CLOCK_ID`` attr Unique Clock Identifier
+ (EUI-64), as defined by the
+ IEEE 1588 standard
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_BOARD_LABEL`` attr pin board label provided
+ by registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PANEL_LABEL`` attr pin panel label provided
+ by registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PACKAGE_LABEL`` attr pin package label provided
+ by registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_TYPE`` attr type of a pin
+ ==================================== =================================
+
+ ==================================== ==================================
+ ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` command to get pin info or dump
+ list of available pins
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID`` attr unique a pin ID
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_MODULE_NAME`` attr module name of registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_CLOCK_ID`` attr Unique Clock Identifier
+ (EUI-64), as defined by the
+ IEEE 1588 standard
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_BOARD_LABEL`` attr pin board label provided
+ by registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PANEL_LABEL`` attr pin panel label provided
+ by registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PACKAGE_LABEL`` attr pin package label provided
+ by registerer
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_TYPE`` attr type of a pin
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY`` attr current frequency of a pin
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY_SUPPORTED`` nested attr provides supported
+ frequencies
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_ANY_FREQUENCY_MIN`` attr minimum value of frequency
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_ANY_FREQUENCY_MAX`` attr maximum value of frequency
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE`` nested attr for each parent device
+ the pin is connected with
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID`` attr parent dpll device id
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO`` attr priority of pin on the
+ dpll device
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` attr state of pin on the parent
+ dpll device
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_DIRECTION`` attr direction of a pin on the
+ parent dpll device
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN`` nested attr for each parent pin
+ the pin is connected with
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID`` attr parent pin id
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` attr state of pin on the parent
+ pin
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_CAPABILITIES`` attr bitmask of pin capabilities
+ ==================================== ==================================
+
+ ==================================== =================================
+ ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_SET`` command to set pins configuration
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID`` attr unique a pin ID
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY`` attr requested frequency of a pin
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE`` nested attr for each parent dpll
+ device configuration request
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID`` attr parent dpll device id
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_DIRECTION`` attr requested direction of a pin
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO`` attr requested priority of pin on
+ the dpll device
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` attr requested state of pin on
+ the dpll device
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN`` nested attr for each parent pin
+ configuration request
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID`` attr parent pin id
+ ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` attr requested state of pin on
+ parent pin
+ ==================================== =================================
+
+Netlink dump requests
+=====================
+
+The ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET`` and ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET`` commands are
+capable of dump type netlink requests, in which case the response is in
+the same format as for their ``do`` request, but every device or pin
+registered in the system is returned.
+
+SET commands format
+===================
+
+``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_SET`` - to target a dpll device, the user provides
+``DPLL_A_ID``, which is unique identifier of dpll device in the system,
+as well as parameter being configured (``DPLL_A_MODE``).
+
+``DPLL_CMD_PIN_SET`` - to target a pin user must provide a
+``DPLL_A_PIN_ID``, which is unique identifier of a pin in the system.
+Also configured pin parameters must be added.
+If ``DPLL_A_PIN_FREQUENCY`` is configured, this affects all the dpll
+devices that are connected with the pin, that is why frequency attribute
+shall not be enclosed in ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE``.
+Other attributes: ``DPLL_A_PIN_PRIO``, ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` or
+``DPLL_A_PIN_DIRECTION`` must be enclosed in
+``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_DEVICE`` as their configuration relates to only one
+of parent dplls, targeted by ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID`` attribute which is
+also required inside that nest.
+For MUX-type pins the ``DPLL_A_PIN_STATE`` attribute is configured in
+similar way, by enclosing required state in ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_PIN``
+nested attribute and targeted parent pin id in ``DPLL_A_PIN_PARENT_ID``.
+
+In general, it is possible to configure multiple parameters at once, but
+internally each parameter change will be invoked separately, where order
+of configuration is not guaranteed by any means.
+
+Configuration pre-defined enums
+===============================
+
+.. kernel-doc:: include/uapi/linux/dpll.h
+
+Notifications
+=============
+
+dpll device can provide notifications regarding status changes of the
+device, i.e. lock status changes, input/output changes or other alarms.
+There is one multicast group that is used to notify user-space apps via
+netlink socket: ``DPLL_MCGRP_MONITOR``
+
+Notifications messages:
+
+ ============================== =====================================
+ ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_CREATE_NTF`` dpll device was created
+ ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_DELETE_NTF`` dpll device was deleted
+ ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_CHANGE_NTF`` dpll device has changed
+ ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_CREATE_NTF`` dpll pin was created
+ ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_DELETE_NTF`` dpll pin was deleted
+ ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_CHANGE_NTF`` dpll pin has changed
+ ============================== =====================================
+
+Events format is the same as for the corresponding get command.
+Format of ``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_`` events is the same as response of
+``DPLL_CMD_DEVICE_GET``.
+Format of ``DPLL_CMD_PIN_`` events is same as response of
+``DPLL_CMD_PIN_GET``.
+
+Device driver implementation
+============================
+
+Device is allocated by dpll_device_get() call. Second call with the
+same arguments will not create new object but provides pointer to
+previously created device for given arguments, it also increases
+refcount of that object.
+Device is deallocated by dpll_device_put() call, which first
+decreases the refcount, once refcount is cleared the object is
+destroyed.
+
+Device should implement set of operations and register device via
+dpll_device_register() at which point it becomes available to the
+users. Multiple driver instances can obtain reference to it with
+dpll_device_get(), as well as register dpll device with their own
+ops and priv.
+
+The pins are allocated separately with dpll_pin_get(), it works
+similarly to dpll_device_get(). Function first creates object and then
+for each call with the same arguments only the object refcount
+increases. Also dpll_pin_put() works similarly to dpll_device_put().
+
+A pin can be registered with parent dpll device or parent pin, depending
+on hardware needs. Each registration requires registerer to provide set
+of pin callbacks, and private data pointer for calling them:
+
+- dpll_pin_register() - register pin with a dpll device,
+- dpll_pin_on_pin_register() - register pin with another MUX type pin.
+
+Notifications of adding or removing dpll devices are created within
+subsystem itself.
+Notifications about registering/deregistering pins are also invoked by
+the subsystem.
+Notifications about status changes either of dpll device or a pin are
+invoked in two ways:
+
+- after successful change was requested on dpll subsystem, the subsystem
+ calls corresponding notification,
+- requested by device driver with dpll_device_change_ntf() or
+ dpll_pin_change_ntf() when driver informs about the status change.
+
+The device driver using dpll interface is not required to implement all
+the callback operation. Nevertheless, there are few required to be
+implemented.
+Required dpll device level callback operations:
+
+- ``.mode_get``,
+- ``.lock_status_get``.
+
+Required pin level callback operations:
+
+- ``.state_on_dpll_get`` (pins registered with dpll device),
+- ``.state_on_pin_get`` (pins registered with parent pin),
+- ``.direction_get``.
+
+Every other operation handler is checked for existence and
+``-EOPNOTSUPP`` is returned in case of absence of specific handler.
+
+The simplest implementation is in the OCP TimeCard driver. The ops
+structures are defined like this:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+ static const struct dpll_device_ops dpll_ops = {
+ .lock_status_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_lock_status_get,
+ .mode_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_mode_get,
+ .mode_supported = ptp_ocp_dpll_mode_supported,
+ };
+
+ static const struct dpll_pin_ops dpll_pins_ops = {
+ .frequency_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_frequency_get,
+ .frequency_set = ptp_ocp_dpll_frequency_set,
+ .direction_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_direction_get,
+ .direction_set = ptp_ocp_dpll_direction_set,
+ .state_on_dpll_get = ptp_ocp_dpll_state_get,
+ };
+
+The registration part is then looks like this part:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+ clkid = pci_get_dsn(pdev);
+ bp->dpll = dpll_device_get(clkid, 0, THIS_MODULE);
+ if (IS_ERR(bp->dpll)) {
+ err = PTR_ERR(bp->dpll);
+ dev_err(&pdev->dev, "dpll_device_alloc failed\n");
+ goto out;
+ }
+
+ err = dpll_device_register(bp->dpll, DPLL_TYPE_PPS, &dpll_ops, bp);
+ if (err)
+ goto out;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < OCP_SMA_NUM; i++) {
+ bp->sma[i].dpll_pin = dpll_pin_get(clkid, i, THIS_MODULE, &bp->sma[i].dpll_prop);
+ if (IS_ERR(bp->sma[i].dpll_pin)) {
+ err = PTR_ERR(bp->dpll);
+ goto out_dpll;
+ }
+
+ err = dpll_pin_register(bp->dpll, bp->sma[i].dpll_pin, &dpll_pins_ops,
+ &bp->sma[i]);
+ if (err) {
+ dpll_pin_put(bp->sma[i].dpll_pin);
+ goto out_dpll;
+ }
+ }
+
+In the error path we have to rewind every allocation in the reverse order:
+
+.. code-block:: c
+ while (i) {
+ --i;
+ dpll_pin_unregister(bp->dpll, bp->sma[i].dpll_pin, &dpll_pins_ops, &bp->sma[i]);
+ dpll_pin_put(bp->sma[i].dpll_pin);
+ }
+ dpll_device_put(bp->dpll);
+
+More complex example can be found in Intel's ICE driver or nVidia's mlx5 driver.
+
+SyncE enablement
+================
+For SyncE enablement it is required to allow control over dpll device
+for a software application which monitors and configures the inputs of
+dpll device in response to current state of a dpll device and its
+inputs.
+In such scenario, dpll device input signal shall be also configurable
+to drive dpll with signal recovered from the PHY netdevice.
+This is done by exposing a pin to the netdevice - attaching pin to the
+netdevice itself with
+``netdev_dpll_pin_set(struct net_device *dev, struct dpll_pin *dpll_pin)``.
+Exposed pin id handle ``DPLL_A_PIN_ID`` is then identifiable by the user
+as it is attached to rtnetlink respond to get ``RTM_NEWLINK`` command in
+nested attribute ``IFLA_DPLL_PIN``.
diff --git a/Documentation/driver-api/index.rst b/Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
index 1e16a40da3ba..f549a68951d7 100644
--- a/Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
+++ b/Documentation/driver-api/index.rst
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@ available subsections can be seen below.
zorro
hte/index
wmi
+ dpll
.. only:: subproject and html
--
2.27.0
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