[PATCH] arm64: mm: fix linear mapping mem access performace degradation
Mike Rapoport
rppt at kernel.org
Sun Jun 26 23:34:38 PDT 2022
On Sun, Jun 26, 2022 at 07:10:15PM +0800, Guanghui Feng wrote:
> The arm64 can build 2M/1G block/sectiion mapping. When using DMA/DMA32 zone
> (enable crashkernel, disable rodata full, disable kfence), the mem_map will
> use non block/section mapping(for crashkernel requires to shrink the region
> in page granularity). But it will degrade performance when doing larging
> continuous mem access in kernel(memcpy/memmove, etc).
>
> There are many changes and discussions:
> commit 031495635b46
> commit 1a8e1cef7603
> commit 8424ecdde7df
> commit 0a30c53573b0
> commit 2687275a5843
Please include oneline summary of the commit. (See section "Describe your
changes" in Documentation/process/submitting-patches.rst)
> This patch changes mem_map to use block/section mapping with crashkernel.
> Firstly, do block/section mapping(normally 2M or 1G) for all avail mem at
> mem_map, reserve crashkernel memory. And then walking pagetable to split
> block/section mapping to non block/section mapping(normally 4K) [[[only]]]
> for crashkernel mem.
This already happens when ZONE_DMA/ZONE_DMA32 are disabled. Please explain
why is it Ok to change the way the memory is mapped with
ZONE_DMA/ZONE_DMA32 enabled.
> So the linear mem mapping use block/section mapping
> as more as possible. We will reduce the cpu dTLB miss conspicuously, and
> accelerate mem access about 10-20% performance improvement.
>
> I have tested it with pft(Page Fault Test) and fio, obtained great
> performace improvement.
>
> For fio test:
> 1.prepare ramdisk
> modprobe -r brd
> modprobe brd rd_nr=1 rd_size=67108864
> dmsetup remove_all
> wipefs -a --force /dev/ram0
> mkfs -t ext4 -E lazy_itable_init=0,lazy_journal_init=0 -q -F /dev/ram0
> mkdir -p /fs/ram0
> mount -t ext4 /dev/ram0 /fs/ram0
>
> 2.prepare fio paremeter in x.fio file:
> [global]
> bs=4k
> ioengine=psync
> iodepth=128
> size=32G
> direct=1
> invalidate=1
> group_reporting
> thread=1
> rw=read
> directory=/fs/ram0
> numjobs=1
>
> [task_0]
> cpus_allowed=16
> stonewall=1
>
> 3.run testcase:
> perf stat -e dTLB-load-misses fio x.fio
>
> 4.contrast
> ------------------------
> without patch with patch
> fio READ aggrb=1493.2MB/s aggrb=1775.3MB/s
> dTLB-load-misses 1,818,320,693 438,729,774
> time elapsed(s) 70.500326434 62.877316408
> user(s) 15.926332000 15.684721000
> sys(s) 54.211939000 47.046165000
>
> 5.conclusion
> Using this patch will reduce dTLB misses and improve performace greatly.
>
> Signed-off-by: Guanghui Feng <guanghuifeng at linux.alibaba.com>
> ---
> arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu.h | 1 +
> arch/arm64/mm/init.c | 8 +-
> arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c | 274 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----
> 3 files changed, 253 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu.h
> index 48f8466..df113cc 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/mmu.h
> @@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ static inline bool arm64_kernel_unmapped_at_el0(void)
> extern void arm64_memblock_init(void);
> extern void paging_init(void);
> extern void bootmem_init(void);
> +extern void mapping_crashkernel(void);
> extern void __iomem *early_io_map(phys_addr_t phys, unsigned long virt);
> extern void init_mem_pgprot(void);
> extern void create_pgd_mapping(struct mm_struct *mm, phys_addr_t phys,
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/init.c b/arch/arm64/mm/init.c
> index 339ee84..0e7540b 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/mm/init.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/mm/init.c
> @@ -388,10 +388,6 @@ void __init arm64_memblock_init(void)
> }
>
> early_init_fdt_scan_reserved_mem();
> -
> - if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32))
> - reserve_crashkernel();
> -
> high_memory = __va(memblock_end_of_DRAM() - 1) + 1;
> }
>
> @@ -438,8 +434,8 @@ void __init bootmem_init(void)
> * request_standard_resources() depends on crashkernel's memory being
> * reserved, so do it here.
> */
> - if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32))
> - reserve_crashkernel();
> + reserve_crashkernel();
> + mapping_crashkernel();
>
> memblock_dump_all();
> }
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c b/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c
> index 626ec32..0672afd 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c
> +++ b/arch/arm64/mm/mmu.c
> @@ -498,6 +498,256 @@ static int __init enable_crash_mem_map(char *arg)
> }
> early_param("crashkernel", enable_crash_mem_map);
>
> +#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
> +static phys_addr_t __init early_crashkernel_pgtable_alloc(int shift)
> +{
> + phys_addr_t phys;
> + void *ptr;
> +
> + phys = memblock_phys_alloc_range(PAGE_SIZE, PAGE_SIZE, 0,
> + MEMBLOCK_ALLOC_NOLEAKTRACE);
> + if (!phys)
> + panic("Failed to allocate page table page\n");
> +
> + ptr = (void *)__phys_to_virt(phys);
> + memset(ptr, 0, PAGE_SIZE);
> + return phys;
> +}
> +
> +static void init_crashkernel_pte(pmd_t *pmdp, unsigned long addr,
> + unsigned long end,
> + phys_addr_t phys, pgprot_t prot)
> +{
> + pte_t *ptep;
> + ptep = pte_offset_kernel(pmdp, addr);
> + do {
> + set_pte(ptep, pfn_pte(__phys_to_pfn(phys), prot));
> + phys += PAGE_SIZE;
> + } while (ptep++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
> +}
> +
> +static void alloc_crashkernel_cont_pte(pmd_t *pmdp, unsigned long addr,
> + unsigned long end, phys_addr_t phys,
> + pgprot_t prot,
> + phys_addr_t (*pgtable_alloc)(int),
> + int flags)
> +{
> + unsigned long next;
> + pmd_t pmd = READ_ONCE(*pmdp);
> +
> + BUG_ON(pmd_sect(pmd));
> + if (pmd_none(pmd)) {
> + pmdval_t pmdval = PMD_TYPE_TABLE | PMD_TABLE_UXN;
> + phys_addr_t pte_phys;
> +
> + if (flags & NO_EXEC_MAPPINGS)
> + pmdval |= PMD_TABLE_PXN;
> + BUG_ON(!pgtable_alloc);
> + pte_phys = pgtable_alloc(PAGE_SHIFT);
> + __pmd_populate(pmdp, pte_phys, pmdval);
> + pmd = READ_ONCE(*pmdp);
> + }
> + BUG_ON(pmd_bad(pmd));
> +
> + do {
> + pgprot_t __prot = prot;
> + next = pte_cont_addr_end(addr, end);
> + init_crashkernel_pte(pmdp, addr, next, phys, __prot);
> + phys += next - addr;
> + } while (addr = next, addr != end);
> +}
> +
> +static void init_crashkernel_pmd(pud_t *pudp, unsigned long addr,
> + unsigned long end, phys_addr_t phys,
> + pgprot_t prot,
> + phys_addr_t (*pgtable_alloc)(int), int flags)
> +{
> + phys_addr_t map_offset;
> + unsigned long next;
> + pmd_t *pmdp;
> + pmdval_t pmdval;
> +
> + pmdp = pmd_offset(pudp, addr);
> + do {
> + next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
> + if (!pmd_none(*pmdp) && pmd_sect(*pmdp)) {
> + phys_addr_t pte_phys = pgtable_alloc(PAGE_SHIFT);
> + pmd_clear(pmdp);
> + pmdval = PMD_TYPE_TABLE | PMD_TABLE_UXN;
> + if (flags & NO_EXEC_MAPPINGS)
> + pmdval |= PMD_TABLE_PXN;
> + __pmd_populate(pmdp, pte_phys, pmdval);
> + flush_tlb_kernel_range(addr, addr + PAGE_SIZE);
> +
> + map_offset = addr - (addr & PMD_MASK);
> + if (map_offset)
> + alloc_init_cont_pte(pmdp, addr & PMD_MASK, addr,
> + phys - map_offset, prot,
> + pgtable_alloc, flags);
> +
> + if (next < (addr & PMD_MASK) + PMD_SIZE)
> + alloc_init_cont_pte(pmdp, next, (addr & PUD_MASK) +
> + PUD_SIZE, next - addr + phys,
> + prot, pgtable_alloc, flags);
> + }
> + alloc_crashkernel_cont_pte(pmdp, addr, next, phys, prot,
> + pgtable_alloc, flags);
> + phys += next - addr;
> + } while (pmdp++, addr = next, addr != end);
> +}
> +
> +static void alloc_crashkernel_cont_pmd(pud_t *pudp, unsigned long addr,
> + unsigned long end, phys_addr_t phys,
> + pgprot_t prot,
> + phys_addr_t (*pgtable_alloc)(int),
> + int flags)
> +{
> + unsigned long next;
> + pud_t pud = READ_ONCE(*pudp);
> +
> + /*
> + * Check for initial section mappings in the pgd/pud.
> + */
> + BUG_ON(pud_sect(pud));
> + if (pud_none(pud)) {
> + pudval_t pudval = PUD_TYPE_TABLE | PUD_TABLE_UXN;
> + phys_addr_t pmd_phys;
> +
> + if (flags & NO_EXEC_MAPPINGS)
> + pudval |= PUD_TABLE_PXN;
> + BUG_ON(!pgtable_alloc);
> + pmd_phys = pgtable_alloc(PMD_SHIFT);
> + __pud_populate(pudp, pmd_phys, pudval);
> + pud = READ_ONCE(*pudp);
> + }
> + BUG_ON(pud_bad(pud));
> +
> + do {
> + pgprot_t __prot = prot;
> + next = pmd_cont_addr_end(addr, end);
> + init_crashkernel_pmd(pudp, addr, next, phys, __prot,
> + pgtable_alloc, flags);
> + phys += next - addr;
> + } while (addr = next, addr != end);
> +}
> +
> +static void alloc_crashkernel_pud(pgd_t *pgdp, unsigned long addr,
> + unsigned long end, phys_addr_t phys,
> + pgprot_t prot,
> + phys_addr_t (*pgtable_alloc)(int),
> + int flags)
> +{
> + phys_addr_t map_offset;
> + unsigned long next;
> + pud_t *pudp;
> + p4d_t *p4dp = p4d_offset(pgdp, addr);
> + p4d_t p4d = READ_ONCE(*p4dp);
> + pudval_t pudval;
> +
> + if (p4d_none(p4d)) {
> + p4dval_t p4dval = P4D_TYPE_TABLE | P4D_TABLE_UXN;
> + phys_addr_t pud_phys;
> +
> + if (flags & NO_EXEC_MAPPINGS)
> + p4dval |= P4D_TABLE_PXN;
> + BUG_ON(!pgtable_alloc);
> + pud_phys = pgtable_alloc(PUD_SHIFT);
> + __p4d_populate(p4dp, pud_phys, p4dval);
> + p4d = READ_ONCE(*p4dp);
> + }
> + BUG_ON(p4d_bad(p4d));
> +
> + /*
> + * No need for locking during early boot. And it doesn't work as
> + * expected with KASLR enabled.
> + */
> + if (system_state != SYSTEM_BOOTING)
> + mutex_lock(&fixmap_lock);
> + pudp = pud_offset(p4dp, addr);
> + do {
> + next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
> + if (!pud_none(*pudp) && pud_sect(*pudp)) {
> + phys_addr_t pmd_phys = pgtable_alloc(PMD_SHIFT);
> + pud_clear(pudp);
> +
> + pudval = PUD_TYPE_TABLE | PUD_TABLE_UXN;
> + if (flags & NO_EXEC_MAPPINGS)
> + pudval |= PUD_TABLE_PXN;
> + __pud_populate(pudp, pmd_phys, pudval);
> + flush_tlb_kernel_range(addr, addr + PAGE_SIZE);
> +
> + map_offset = addr - (addr & PUD_MASK);
> + if (map_offset)
> + alloc_init_cont_pmd(pudp, addr & PUD_MASK, addr,
> + phys - map_offset, prot,
> + pgtable_alloc, flags);
> +
> + if (next < (addr & PUD_MASK) + PUD_SIZE)
> + alloc_init_cont_pmd(pudp, next, (addr & PUD_MASK) +
> + PUD_SIZE, next - addr + phys,
> + prot, pgtable_alloc, flags);
> + }
> + alloc_crashkernel_cont_pmd(pudp, addr, next, phys, prot,
> + pgtable_alloc, flags);
> + phys += next - addr;
> + } while (pudp++, addr = next, addr != end);
> +
> + if (system_state != SYSTEM_BOOTING)
> + mutex_unlock(&fixmap_lock);
> +}
> +
> +static void __create_crashkernel_mapping(pgd_t *pgdir, phys_addr_t phys,
> + unsigned long virt, phys_addr_t size,
> + pgprot_t prot,
> + phys_addr_t (*pgtable_alloc)(int),
> + int flags)
> +{
> + unsigned long addr, end, next;
> + pgd_t *pgdp = pgd_offset_pgd(pgdir, virt);
> +
> + /*
> + * If the virtual and physical address don't have the same offset
> + * within a page, we cannot map the region as the caller expects.
> + */
> + if (WARN_ON((phys ^ virt) & ~PAGE_MASK))
> + return;
> +
> + phys &= PAGE_MASK;
> + addr = virt & PAGE_MASK;
> + end = PAGE_ALIGN(virt + size);
> +
> + do {
> + next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
> + alloc_crashkernel_pud(pgdp, addr, next, phys, prot,
> + pgtable_alloc, flags);
> + phys += next - addr;
> + } while (pgdp++, addr = next, addr != end);
> +}
> +
> +static void __init map_crashkernel(pgd_t *pgdp, phys_addr_t start,
> + phys_addr_t end, pgprot_t prot, int flags)
> +{
> + __create_crashkernel_mapping(pgdp, start, __phys_to_virt(start),
> + end - start, prot,
> + early_crashkernel_pgtable_alloc, flags);
> +}
> +
> +void __init mapping_crashkernel(void)
> +{
> + if (can_set_direct_map() || IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KFENCE))
> + return;
> +
> + if (!crash_mem_map || !crashk_res.end)
> + return;
> +
> + map_crashkernel(swapper_pg_dir, crashk_res.start,
> + crashk_res.end + 1, PAGE_KERNEL,
> + NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS | NO_CONT_MAPPINGS);
> +}
> +#else
> +void __init mapping_crashkernel(void) {}
> +#endif
> +
> static void __init map_mem(pgd_t *pgdp)
> {
> static const u64 direct_map_end = _PAGE_END(VA_BITS_MIN);
> @@ -527,17 +777,6 @@ static void __init map_mem(pgd_t *pgdp)
> */
> memblock_mark_nomap(kernel_start, kernel_end - kernel_start);
>
> -#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
> - if (crash_mem_map) {
> - if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) ||
> - IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32))
> - flags |= NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS | NO_CONT_MAPPINGS;
> - else if (crashk_res.end)
> - memblock_mark_nomap(crashk_res.start,
> - resource_size(&crashk_res));
> - }
> -#endif
> -
> /* map all the memory banks */
> for_each_mem_range(i, &start, &end) {
> if (start >= end)
> @@ -570,19 +809,6 @@ static void __init map_mem(pgd_t *pgdp)
> * in page granularity and put back unused memory to buddy system
> * through /sys/kernel/kexec_crash_size interface.
> */
> -#ifdef CONFIG_KEXEC_CORE
> - if (crash_mem_map &&
> - !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA) && !IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32)) {
> - if (crashk_res.end) {
> - __map_memblock(pgdp, crashk_res.start,
> - crashk_res.end + 1,
> - PAGE_KERNEL,
> - NO_BLOCK_MAPPINGS | NO_CONT_MAPPINGS);
> - memblock_clear_nomap(crashk_res.start,
> - resource_size(&crashk_res));
> - }
> - }
> -#endif
> }
>
> void mark_rodata_ro(void)
> --
> 1.8.3.1
>
--
Sincerely yours,
Mike.
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