[PATCH 1/2] arm64: swp emulation: bound LL/SC retries before rescheduling

[Will Deacon]

If a CPU does not implement a global monitor for certain memory types,
then userspace can attempt a kernel DoS by issuing SWP instructions
targetting the problematic memory (for example, a framebuffer mapped
with non-cacheable attributes).

The SWP emulation code protects against these sorts of attacks by
checking for pending signals and potentially rescheduling when the STXR
instruction fails during the emulation. Whilst this is good for avoiding
livelock, it harms emulation of legitimate SWP instructions on CPUs
where forward progress is not guaranteed if there are memory accesses to
the same reservation granule (up to 2k) between the failing STXR and
the retry of the LDXR.

This patch solves the problem by retrying the STXR a bounded number of
times (4) before breaking out of the LL/SC loop and looking for
something else to do.

Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon at arm.com>
---
 arch/arm64/kernel/armv8_deprecated.c | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++++--------------
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/armv8_deprecated.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/armv8_deprecated.c
index 42ffdb54e162..b0988bb1bf64 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/armv8_deprecated.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/armv8_deprecated.c
@@ -280,35 +280,43 @@ static void __init register_insn_emulation_sysctl(struct ctl_table *table)
 /*
  * Error-checking SWP macros implemented using ldxr{b}/stxr{b}
  */
-#define __user_swpX_asm(data, addr, res, temp, B)		\
+
+/* Arbitrary constant to ensure forward-progress of the LL/SC loop */
+#define __SWP_LL_SC_LOOPS	4
+
+#define __user_swpX_asm(data, addr, res, temp, temp2, B)	\
 	__asm__ __volatile__(					\
+	"	mov		%w3, %w7\n"			\
 	ALTERNATIVE("nop", SET_PSTATE_PAN(0), ARM64_HAS_PAN,	\
 		    CONFIG_ARM64_PAN)				\
-	"0:	ldxr"B"		%w2, [%3]\n"			\
-	"1:	stxr"B"		%w0, %w1, [%3]\n"		\
+	"0:	ldxr"B"		%w2, [%4]\n"			\
+	"1:	stxr"B"		%w0, %w1, [%4]\n"		\
 	"	cbz		%w0, 2f\n"			\
-	"	mov		%w0, %w4\n"			\
+	"	sub		%w3, %w3, #1\n"			\
+	"	cbnz		%w3, 0b\n"			\
+	"	mov		%w0, %w5\n"			\
 	"	b		3f\n"				\
 	"2:\n"							\
 	"	mov		%w1, %w2\n"			\
 	"3:\n"							\
 	"	.pushsection	 .fixup,\"ax\"\n"		\
 	"	.align		2\n"				\
-	"4:	mov		%w0, %w5\n"			\
+	"4:	mov		%w0, %w6\n"			\
 	"	b		3b\n"				\
 	"	.popsection"					\
 	_ASM_EXTABLE(0b, 4b)					\
 	_ASM_EXTABLE(1b, 4b)					\
 	ALTERNATIVE("nop", SET_PSTATE_PAN(1), ARM64_HAS_PAN,	\
 		CONFIG_ARM64_PAN)				\
-	: "=&r" (res), "+r" (data), "=&r" (temp)		\
-	: "r" (addr), "i" (-EAGAIN), "i" (-EFAULT)		\
+	: "=&r" (res), "+r" (data), "=&r" (temp), "=&r" (temp2)	\
+	: "r" (addr), "i" (-EAGAIN), "i" (-EFAULT),		\
+	  "i" (__SWP_LL_SC_LOOPS)				\
 	: "memory")
 
-#define __user_swp_asm(data, addr, res, temp) \
-	__user_swpX_asm(data, addr, res, temp, "")
-#define __user_swpb_asm(data, addr, res, temp) \
-	__user_swpX_asm(data, addr, res, temp, "b")
+#define __user_swp_asm(data, addr, res, temp, temp2) \
+	__user_swpX_asm(data, addr, res, temp, temp2, "")
+#define __user_swpb_asm(data, addr, res, temp, temp2) \
+	__user_swpX_asm(data, addr, res, temp, temp2, "b")
 
 /*
  * Bit 22 of the instruction encoding distinguishes between
@@ -328,12 +336,12 @@ static int emulate_swpX(unsigned int address, unsigned int *data,
 	}
 
 	while (1) {
-		unsigned long temp;
+		unsigned long temp, temp2;
 
 		if (type == TYPE_SWPB)
-			__user_swpb_asm(*data, address, res, temp);
+			__user_swpb_asm(*data, address, res, temp, temp2);
 		else
-			__user_swp_asm(*data, address, res, temp);
+			__user_swp_asm(*data, address, res, temp, temp2);
 
 		if (likely(res != -EAGAIN) || signal_pending(current))
 			break;
-- 
2.1.4