[PATCH] ARM: dma-mapping: Just allocate one chunk at a time

[Tomasz Figa]

On Fri, Dec 18, 2015 at 7:31 AM, Doug Anderson <dianders at chromium.org> wrote:
> Hi,
>
> On Thu, Dec 17, 2015 at 12:30 PM, Douglas Anderson
> <dianders at chromium.org> wrote:
>> The __iommu_alloc_buffer() is expected to be called to allocate pretty
>> sizeable buffers.  Upon simple tests of video I saw it trying to
>> allocate 4,194,304 bytes.  The function tries to be efficient about this
>> by starting out allocating large chunks and then moving to smaller and
>> smaller chunk sizes until it succeeds.
>>
>> The current function is very, very slow.
>>
>> One problem is the way it keeps trying and trying to allocate big
>> chunks.  Imagine a very fragmented memory that has 4M free but no
>> contiguous pages at all.  Further imagine allocating 4M (1024 pages).
>> We'll do the following memory allocations:
>> - For page 1:
>>   - Try to allocate order 10 (no retry)
>>   - Try to allocate order 9 (no retry)
>>   - ...
>>   - Try to allocate order 0 (with retry, but not needed)
>> - For page 2:
>>   - Try to allocate order 9 (no retry)
>>   - Try to allocate order 8 (no retry)
>>   - ...
>>   - Try to allocate order 0 (with retry, but not needed)
>> - ...
>> - ...
>>
>> Total number of calls to alloc() calls for this case is:
>>   sum(int(math.log(i, 2)) + 1 for i in range(1, 1025))
>>   => 9228
>>
>> The above is obviously worse case, but given how slow alloc can be we
>> really want to try to avoid even somewhat bad cases.  I timed the old
>> code with a device under memory pressure and it wasn't hard to see it
>> take more than 24 seconds to allocate 4 megs of memory (!!).
>>
>> A second problem (and maybe even more important) is that allocating big
>> chunks when we don't need them is just not a good idea anyway.  The
>> first thing we do with these big chunks is break them into smaller
>> chunks!  If we allocate small chunks:
>> - The memory manager doesn't need to work so hard to give us big chunks.
>> - We can save the big chunks for those that really need them and this
>>   code can make great use of all the small chunks sitting around.
>>
>> Let's simplify by just allocating one page at a time.  We may make more
>> total allocate calls but it works way better.  In real world tests that
>> used to sometimes see a 24 second allocation call I can now see at most
>> 250 ms.
>
> Off-list I talked to Dmitry about this a little bit and he pointed out
> that contiguous chunks actually give a benefit to the IOMMU.  I don't
> think the benefit outweighs the cost in this case, but I'm happy to
> hear what others have to say.

Yeah, I'd like to see some discussion about the effect of allocating
bigger chunks on IOMMU performance. Dmitry (on CC), could you
elaborate a bit on what Doug mentioned?

As for my own understanding, some IOMMUs can map memory using big
pages, which should improve TLB efficiency and so look-up speed.
However AFAICT current implementation of allocating function doesn't
allocate the chunks properly, because there is no guarantee that
particular chunks are aligned on big page boundary. For example, it
might happen that we allocate first chunk of order 0, then second
chunk of order 4 (64KiB - typical big page), then we won't be able to
map the second chunk using a big page, because the IOVA at that point
will not be aligned properly.

Is there any other case when bigger physically contiguous chunks can
help the IOMMU?

Best regards,
Tomasz