[PATCH v2 1/6] arm64: Add ftrace support
AKASHI Takahiro
takahiro.akashi at linaro.org
Thu Oct 24 03:08:03 EDT 2013
This enables FUNCTION_TRACER and FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER, and also
provides the base for other tracers which depend on FUNCTION_TRACER.
_mcount() is the entry point which is inserted at the very beginning
of every function by gcc with -pg option.
function graph tracer intercepts instrumented function's return path
by faking the return address (lr) stored in stack in order to trace
a call graph.
See Documentation/trace/ftrace-design.txt
Signed-off-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi at linaro.org>
---
arch/arm64/Kconfig | 2 +
arch/arm64/include/asm/ftrace.h | 23 +++++
arch/arm64/kernel/Makefile | 6 ++
arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c | 4 +
arch/arm64/kernel/entry-ftrace.S | 172 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
arch/arm64/kernel/ftrace.c | 83 ++++++++++++++++++
6 files changed, 290 insertions(+)
create mode 100644 arch/arm64/include/asm/ftrace.h
create mode 100644 arch/arm64/kernel/entry-ftrace.S
create mode 100644 arch/arm64/kernel/ftrace.c
diff --git a/arch/arm64/Kconfig b/arch/arm64/Kconfig
index da388e4..3776319 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/arm64/Kconfig
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ config ARM64
select HAVE_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK
select HAVE_DMA_API_DEBUG
select HAVE_DMA_ATTRS
+ select HAVE_FUNCTION_TRACER
+ select HAVE_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
select HAVE_GENERIC_DMA_COHERENT
select HAVE_HW_BREAKPOINT if PERF_EVENTS
select HAVE_MEMBLOCK
diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/ftrace.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/ftrace.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0d5dfdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/ftrace.h
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * arch/arm64/include/asm/ftrace.h
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Linaro Limited
+ * Author: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi at linaro.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+#ifndef __ASM_FTRACE_H
+#define __ASM_FTRACE_H
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
+#define MCOUNT_ADDR ((unsigned long)_mcount)
+#define MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE 4 /* sizeof mcount call */
+
+#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
+extern void _mcount(unsigned long);
+#endif /* __ASSEMBLY__ */
+#endif /* CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER */
+
+#endif /* __ASM_FTRACE_H */
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/Makefile b/arch/arm64/kernel/Makefile
index b7db65e..92429e4 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/Makefile
@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@
CPPFLAGS_vmlinux.lds := -DTEXT_OFFSET=$(TEXT_OFFSET)
AFLAGS_head.o := -DTEXT_OFFSET=$(TEXT_OFFSET)
+ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
+CFLAGS_REMOVE_ftrace.o = -pg
+CFLAGS_REMOVE_insn.o = -pg
+endif
+
# Object file lists.
arm64-obj-y := cputable.o debug-monitors.o entry.o irq.o fpsimd.o \
entry-fpsimd.o process.o ptrace.o setup.o signal.o \
@@ -13,6 +18,7 @@ arm64-obj-y := cputable.o debug-monitors.o entry.o irq.o fpsimd.o \
arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_COMPAT) += sys32.o kuser32.o signal32.o \
sys_compat.o
+arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER) += ftrace.o entry-ftrace.o
arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_MODULES) += arm64ksyms.o module.o
arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_SMP) += smp.o smp_spin_table.o smp_psci.o
arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_HW_PERF_EVENTS) += perf_event.o
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c
index 41b4f62..ef9b63d 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/arm64ksyms.c
@@ -58,3 +58,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL(clear_bit);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(test_and_clear_bit);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(change_bit);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(test_and_change_bit);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_TRACER
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(_mcount);
+#endif
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/entry-ftrace.S b/arch/arm64/kernel/entry-ftrace.S
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae14ece
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/entry-ftrace.S
@@ -0,0 +1,172 @@
+/*
+ * arch/arm64/kernel/entry-ftrace.S
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Linaro Limited
+ * Author: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi at linaro.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/linkage.h>
+#include <asm/ftrace.h>
+
+/*
+ * Gcc with -pg will put the following code in the beginning of each function:
+ * mov x0, x30
+ * bl _mcount
+ * On contrary to tricky arm(32) implementation, this is a normal function
+ * call and so x0 & x30 will be safely saved and restored around tracer
+ * call (_mcount/ftrace_caller) in an instrumented function (callsite).
+ *
+ * stack layout:
+ * 0 ---------------------------------------- sp in tracer function
+ * x29: fp in instrumented function fp is not winded
+ * --------------------
+ * x30: lr in tracer function
+ * +16 --------------------
+ * x0: arg 0 (lr in instrumented function)
+ * --------------------
+ * x1 (temporary)
+ * +32 --------------------
+ * x2 (temporary)
+ * --------------------
+ * (don't care)
+ * +48 ---------------------------------------- sp in instrumented function
+ *
+ * ....
+ *
+ * +xx ---------------------------------------- fp in instrumented function
+ * x29: fp in parent function
+ * --------------------
+ * x30: lr in insturmented function
+ * --------------------
+ * xxx
+ */
+
+ .macro mcount_enter
+ stp x29, x30, [sp, #-48]!
+ stp x0, x1, [sp, #16]
+ str x2, [sp, #32]
+ .endm
+
+ .macro mcount_exit
+ ldr x2, [sp, #32]
+ ldp x0, x1, [sp, #16]
+ ldp x29, x30, [sp], #48
+ ret
+ .endm
+
+ .macro mcount_adjust_addr rd, rn
+ sub \rd, \rn, #MCOUNT_INSN_SIZE
+ .endm
+
+ /* for instrumented function's parent */
+ .macro mcount_get_parent_fp reg
+ ldr \reg, [sp]
+ ldr \reg, [\reg]
+ .endm
+
+ /* for instrumented function */
+ .macro mcount_get_pc0 reg
+ mcount_adjust_addr \reg, x30
+ .endm
+
+ .macro mcount_get_pc reg
+ ldr \reg, [sp, #8]
+ mcount_adjust_addr \reg, \reg
+ .endm
+
+ .macro mcount_get_lr reg
+ ldr \reg, [sp, #16]
+ mcount_adjust_addr \reg, \reg
+ .endm
+
+ .macro mcount_get_saved_lr_addr reg
+ ldr \reg, [sp]
+ add \reg, \reg, #8
+ .endm
+
+/*
+ * void _mcount(unsigned long return_address)
+ * @return_address: return address to instrumented function (callsite)
+ */
+ENTRY(_mcount)
+#ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_FUNCTION_TRACE_MCOUNT_TEST
+ ldr x0, =ftrace_trace_stop
+ ldr x0, [x0] // if ftrace_trace_stop
+ ret // return;
+#endif
+ mcount_enter
+
+ ldr x0, =ftrace_trace_function
+ ldr x2, [x0]
+ adr x0, ftrace_stub
+ cmp x0, x2 // if (ftrace_trace_function
+ b.eq skip_ftrace_call // != ftrace_stub) {
+
+ mcount_get_pc x0 // pc in callsite
+ mcount_get_lr x1 // callsite's lr (adjusted)
+ blr x2 // (*ftrace_trace_function)(pc, lr);
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
+skip_ftrace_call: // return;
+ mcount_exit // }
+#else
+ mcount_exit // return;
+ // }
+skip_ftrace_call:
+ ldr x1, =ftrace_graph_return
+ ldr x2, [x1] // if ((ftrace_graph_return
+ cmp x0, x2 // != ftrace_stub)
+ b.ne ftrace_graph_caller
+
+ ldr x1, =ftrace_graph_entry // || (ftrace_graph_entry
+ ldr x2, [x1] // != ftrace_graph_entry_stub))
+ ldr x0, =ftrace_graph_entry_stub
+ cmp x0, x2
+ b.ne ftrace_graph_caller // ftrace_graph_caller();
+
+ mcount_exit
+#endif /* CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER */
+ENDPROC(_mcount)
+
+ENTRY(ftrace_stub)
+ ret
+ENDPROC(ftrace_stub)
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
+/*
+ * void ftrace_graph_caller(void)
+ *
+ * This function fakes instrumented function's return address to make a hook
+ * on function return path by calling prepare_ftrace_return(). This function
+ * is assumed to be jumped into from _mcount() or ftrace_caller() and so no
+ * context need be saved here.
+ */
+ENTRY(ftrace_graph_caller)
+ mcount_get_saved_lr_addr x0 // pointer to callsite's saved lr
+ mcount_get_pc x1 // pc in callsite
+ mcount_get_parent_fp x2 // parent's fp
+ bl prepare_ftrace_return // prepare_ftrace_return(&lr, pc, fp)
+
+ mcount_exit
+ENDPROC(ftrace_graph_caller)
+
+/*
+ * void return_to_handler(void)
+ *
+ * return hook handler
+ * @fp is used to check against the value specified in ftrace_graph_caller()
+ * only when CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_FP_TEST is enabled.
+ */
+ .global return_to_handler
+return_to_handler:
+ str x0, [sp, #-16]!
+ mov x0, x29 // parent's fp
+ bl ftrace_return_to_handler// addr = ftrace_return_to_hander(fp);
+ mov x30, x0 // restore the original return address
+ ldr x0, [sp], #16
+ ret
+#endif /* CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER */
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/ftrace.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/ftrace.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e779e16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/ftrace.c
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * arch/arm64/kernel/ftrace.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013 Linaro Limited
+ * Author: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi at linaro.org>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/ftrace.h>
+#include <linux/swab.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+
+#include <asm/cacheflush.h>
+#include <asm/ftrace.h>
+#include <asm/insn.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER
+void prepare_ftrace_return(unsigned long *parent, unsigned long self_addr,
+ unsigned long frame_pointer)
+{
+ unsigned long return_hooker = (unsigned long)&return_to_handler;
+ unsigned long old, faulted;
+ struct ftrace_graph_ent trace;
+ int err;
+
+ if (unlikely(atomic_read(¤t->tracing_graph_pause)))
+ return;
+
+#if 1 /* FIXME */
+ /*
+ * Protect against fault, even if it shouldn't
+ * happen. This tool is too much intrusive to
+ * ignore such a protection.
+ * Actually we want to do
+ * old = *parent;
+ * parent = return_hooker;
+ */
+ asm volatile(
+"1: ldr %0, [%2]\n"
+"2: str %3, [%2]\n"
+" mov %1, #0\n"
+"3:\n"
+" .pushsection .fixup, \"ax\"\n"
+"4: mov %1, #1\n"
+" b 3b\n"
+" .popsection\n"
+" .pushsection __ex_table, \"a\"\n"
+" .align 3\n"
+" .quad 1b, 4b, 2b, 4b\n"
+" .popsection\n"
+ : "=&r" (old), "=r" (faulted) : "r" (parent), "r" (return_hooker)
+ );
+
+ if (unlikely(faulted)) {
+ ftrace_graph_stop();
+ WARN_ON(1);
+ return;
+ }
+#else
+ old = *parent;
+ *parent = return_hooker;
+#endif
+
+ trace.func = self_addr;
+ trace.depth = current->curr_ret_stack + 1;
+
+ /* Only trace if the calling function expects to */
+ if (!ftrace_graph_entry(&trace)) {
+ *parent = old;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ err = ftrace_push_return_trace(old, self_addr, &trace.depth,
+ frame_pointer);
+ if (err == -EBUSY) {
+ *parent = old;
+ return;
+ }
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_FUNCTION_GRAPH_TRACER */
--
1.7.9.5
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