kexec failures with DEBUG_RODATA
Kees Cook
keescook at google.com
Wed Jun 15 15:20:05 PDT 2016
On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 2:13 PM, Russell King - ARM Linux
<linux at armlinux.org.uk> wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 14, 2016 at 11:05:23AM -0700, Kees Cook wrote:
>> I'm much less familiar with the ARM decompression stub, but is there a
>> boot image header (like x86 has)? If not, perhaps we can invent one,
>> and it can carry all the details needed for a bootloader to do the
>> right things.
>
> With a bit of tinkering around, I now have this:
>
> 00000000 <.data>:
> 0: e1a00000 nop ; (mov r0, r0)
> 4: e1a00000 nop ; (mov r0, r0)
> 8: e1a00000 nop ; (mov r0, r0)
> c: e1a00000 nop ; (mov r0, r0)
> 10: e1a00000 nop ; (mov r0, r0)
> 14: e1a00000 nop ; (mov r0, r0)
> 18: e1a00000 nop ; (mov r0, r0)
> 1c: e1a00000 nop ; (mov r0, r0)
> 20: ea00000f b 0x64
>
> Then follows the existing "header" which we've had there for years:
>
> 24: 016f2818 ; LE magic number
> 28: 00000000 ; LE zImage start address (always zero now)
> 2c: 00431fe0 ; LE zImage _edata
> 30: 04030201 ; endian flag
>
> And now comes the new header:
>
> 34: 016f2818 ; LE magic number
Should this be a different magic from the existing header's magic?
> 38: 00000001 ; LE version number (v1)
Should a "size" follow the version number instead of the explicit 64
bytes of zeros?
> 3c: 01287000 ; LE total space required for decompressor
> 40: 00e54000 ; LE uncompressed image size
>
> Up to 64 bytes available here for future expansion, currently filled
> with zeros.
> ...
>
> Remainder of the zImage code:
> 64: e10f9000 mrs r9, CPSR
>
> I'm rather on the fence whether we need to give the uncompressed image
> size - the important thing is the size of memory that's required for
> the decompressor to run, which is sizeof(uncompressed kernel) rounded
> up to 256 bytes, and the relocated decompressor image size.
I think it's important information since it allows a boot loader to
figure out if there's room in a given range for the result. While
there's no relocation support yet, if we gain it on ARM and we want to
support KASLR, it will be very handy to have the uncompressed size
available.
>
> The "total space required for decompressor" is slightly cheating at the
> figure - I'm including the uncompressed image rounded up and the entire
> compressed image in that size, so it's a safe over-estimate.
>
> I'm not sure there's a need to provide the uncompressed image size, the
> boot environment shouldn't have a reason to know that, so I'm tempted to
> omit it.
>
> We could dispense with the endian conversions, and push the responsibility
> for interpreting that onto the reader of this data: we have the endian
> flag in the existing header block, so the boot environment can work out
> the endianness of the image and apply fixups as appropriate.
>
> Why generate this in the linker script? We need the size of the zImage
> here, which is only known to the linker.
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm/boot/compressed/Makefile b/arch/arm/boot/compressed/Makefile
> index d50430c40045..1d5467e05250 100644
> --- a/arch/arm/boot/compressed/Makefile
> +++ b/arch/arm/boot/compressed/Makefile
> @@ -119,6 +119,10 @@ asflags-y := -DZIMAGE
> KBSS_SZ = $(shell $(CROSS_COMPILE)size $(obj)/../../../../vmlinux | \
> awk 'END{print $$3}')
> LDFLAGS_vmlinux = --defsym _kernel_bss_size=$(KBSS_SZ)
> +
> +KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE = $(shell stat -c '%s' $(obj)/../Image)
> +LDFLAGS_vmlinux += --defsym _kernel_image_size=$(KERNEL_IMAGE_SIZE)
> +
> # Supply ZRELADDR to the decompressor via a linker symbol.
> ifneq ($(CONFIG_AUTO_ZRELADDR),y)
> LDFLAGS_vmlinux += --defsym zreladdr=$(ZRELADDR)
> diff --git a/arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S b/arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S
> index e2e0dcb42ca2..395c60dcc4f7 100644
> --- a/arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S
> +++ b/arch/arm/boot/compressed/head.S
> @@ -131,11 +131,7 @@ start:
> THUMB( badr r12, 1f )
> THUMB( bx r12 )
>
> - .word _magic_sig @ Magic numbers to help the loader
> - .word _magic_start @ absolute load/run zImage address
> - .word _magic_end @ zImage end address
> - .word 0x04030201 @ endianness flag
> -
> + .section ".start2", #alloc, #execinstr
> THUMB( .thumb )
> 1: __EFI_HEADER
>
> diff --git a/arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux.lds.S b/arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux.lds.S
> index 81c493156ce8..77267724ec8a 100644
> --- a/arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux.lds.S
> +++ b/arch/arm/boot/compressed/vmlinux.lds.S
> @@ -37,6 +37,19 @@ SECTIONS
> .text : {
> _start = .;
> *(.start)
> + _header = .;
> + LONG(ZIMAGE_MAGIC(0x016f2818)); /* Magic numbers to help the loader */
> + LONG(ZIMAGE_MAGIC(_start)); /* absolute load/run zImage address */
> + LONG(ZIMAGE_MAGIC(_edata)); /* zImage end address */
> + LONG(0x04030201); /* Endianness flag */
> + LONG(ZIMAGE_MAGIC(0x016f2818)); /* Further header indicator */
> + LONG(ZIMAGE_MAGIC(1)); /* Version 1 */
> + LONG(ZIMAGE_MAGIC(((_kernel_image_size + 255) & ~ 255) + \
> + _edata - _text + _end_stack - __bss_start));
> + LONG(ZIMAGE_MAGIC(_kernel_image_size));
> + /* Reserve 64 bytes for the header block */
> + . = _header + 64;
> + *(.start2)
> *(.text)
> *(.text.*)
> *(.fixup)
> @@ -72,10 +85,6 @@ SECTIONS
> .pad : { BYTE(0); . = ALIGN(8); }
> _edata = .;
>
> - _magic_sig = ZIMAGE_MAGIC(0x016f2818);
> - _magic_start = ZIMAGE_MAGIC(_start);
> - _magic_end = ZIMAGE_MAGIC(_edata);
> -
> . = BSS_START;
> __bss_start = .;
> .bss : { *(.bss) }
> @@ -83,6 +92,7 @@ SECTIONS
>
> . = ALIGN(8); /* the stack must be 64-bit aligned */
> .stack : { *(.stack) }
> + _end_stack = .;
>
> .stab 0 : { *(.stab) }
> .stabstr 0 : { *(.stabstr) }
Regardless, this looks good to me!
-Kees
--
Kees Cook
Chrome OS & Brillo Security
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