[PATCH v9 0/10] iommu/vt-d: Fix intel vt-d faults in kdump kernel

Wed Mar 18 22:36:18 PDT 2015

This patchset is an update of Bill Sumner's patchset, implements a fix for:
If a kernel boots with intel_iommu=on on a system that supports intel vt-d, 
when a panic happens, the kdump kernel will boot with these faults:

    dmar: DRHD: handling fault status reg 102
    dmar: DMAR:[DMA Read] Request device [01:00.0] fault addr fff80000
    DMAR:[fault reason 01] Present bit in root entry is clear

    dmar: DRHD: handling fault status reg 2
    dmar: INTR-REMAP: Request device [[61:00.0] fault index 42
    INTR-REMAP:[fault reason 34] Present field in the IRTE entry is clear

On some system, the interrupt remapping fault will also happen even if the 
intel_iommu is not set to on, because the interrupt remapping will be enabled 
when x2apic is needed by the system.

The cause of the DMA fault is described in Bill's original version, and the 
INTR-Remap fault is caused by a similar reason. In short, the initialization 
of vt-d drivers causes the in-flight DMA and interrupt requests get wrong 
response.

To fix this problem, we modifies the behaviors of the intel vt-d in the 
crashdump kernel:

For DMA Remapping:
1. To accept the vt-d hardware in an active state,
2. Do not disable and re-enable the translation, keep it enabled.
3. Use the old root entry table, do not rewrite the RTA register.
4. Malloc and use new context entry table, copy data from the old ones that
   used by the old kernel.
5. Keep using the old page tables before driver is loaded.
6. After device driver is loaded, when it issues the first dma_map command, 
   free the dmar_domain structure for this device, and generate a new one, so 
   that the device can be assigned a new and empty page table. 
7. When a new context entry table is generated, we also save its address to 
   the old root entry table.

For Interrupt Remapping:
1. To accept the vt-d hardware in an active state,
2. Do not disable and re-enable the interrupt remapping, keep it enabled.
3. Use the old interrupt remapping table, do not rewrite the IRTA register.
4. When ioapic entry is setup, the interrupt remapping table is changed, and 
   the updated data will be stored to the old interrupt remapping table.

Advantages of this approach:
1. All manipulation of the IO-device is done by the Linux device-driver
   for that device.
2. This approach behaves in a manner very similar to operation without an
   active iommu.
3. Any activity between the IO-device and its RMRR areas is handled by the
   device-driver in the same manner as during a non-kdump boot.
4. If an IO-device has no driver in the kdump kernel, it is simply left alone.
   This supports the practice of creating a special kdump kernel without
   drivers for any devices that are not required for taking a crashdump. 
5. Minimal code-changes among the existing mainline intel vt-d code.

Summary of changes in this patch set:
1. Added some useful function for root entry table in code intel-iommu.c
2. Added new members to struct root_entry and struct irte;
3. Functions to load old root entry table to iommu->root_entry from the memory 
   of old kernel.
4. Functions to malloc new context entry table and copy the data from the old
   ones to the malloced new ones.
5. Functions to enable support for DMA remapping in kdump kernel.
6. Functions to load old irte data from the old kernel to the kdump kernel.
7. Some code changes that support other behaviours that have been listed.
8. In the new functions, use physical address as "unsigned long" type, not 
   pointers.

Original version by Bill Sumner:
    https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/1/10/518
    https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/4/15/716
    https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/4/24/836

Zhenhua's updates:
    https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/10/21/134
    https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/12/15/121
    https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/12/22/53
    https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/1/6/1166
    https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/1/12/35

Changelog[v9]:
    1. Add new function iommu_attach_domain_with_id.
    2. Do not copy old page tables, keep using the old ones.
    3. Remove functions:
           intel_iommu_did_to_domain_values_entry
           intel_iommu_get_dids_from_old_kernel
           device_to_domain_id
           copy_page_addr
           copy_page_table
           copy_context_entry
           copy_context_entry_table
    4. Add new function device_to_existing_context_entry.

Changelog[v8]:
    1. Add a missing __iommu_flush_cache in function copy_page_table.

Changelog[v7]:
    1. Use __iommu_flush_cache to flush the data to hardware.

Changelog[v6]:
    1. Use "unsigned long" as type of physical address.
    2. Use new function unmap_device_dma to unmap the old dma.
    3. Some small incorrect bits order for aw shift.

Changelog[v5]:
    1. Do not disable and re-enable traslation and interrupt remapping. 
    2. Use old root entry table.
    3. Use old interrupt remapping table.
    4. New functions to copy data from old kernel, and save to old kernel mem.
    5. New functions to save updated root entry table and irte table.
    6. Use intel_unmap to unmap the old dma;
    7. Allocate new pages while driver is being loaded.

Changelog[v4]:
    1. Cut off the patches that move some defines and functions to new files.
    2. Reduce the numbers of patches to five, make it more easier to read.
    3. Changed the name of functions, make them consistent with current context
       get/set functions.
    4. Add change to function __iommu_attach_domain.

Changelog[v3]:
    1. Commented-out "#define DEBUG 1" to eliminate debug messages.
    2. Updated the comments about changes in each version.
    3. Fixed: one-line added to Copy-Translations patch to initialize the iovad
          struct as recommended by Baoquan He [bhe at redhat.com]
          init_iova_domain(&domain->iovad, DMA_32BIT_PFN);

Changelog[v2]:
    The following series implements a fix for:
    A kdump problem about DMA that has been discussed for a long time. That is,
    when a kernel panics and boots into the kdump kernel, DMA started by the
    panicked kernel is not stopped before the kdump kernel is booted and the
    kdump kernel disables the IOMMU while this DMA continues.  This causes the
    IOMMU to stop translating the DMA addresses as IOVAs and begin to treat
    them as physical memory addresses -- which causes the DMA to either:
        (1) generate DMAR errors or 
        (2) generate PCI SERR errors or 
        (3) transfer data to or from incorrect areas of memory. Often this 
            causes the dump to fail.

Changelog[v1]:
    The original version.

Changed in this version:
1. Do not disable and re-enable traslation and interrupt remapping. 
2. Use old root entry table.
3. Use old interrupt remapping table.
4. Use "unsigned long" as physical address.
5. Use intel_unmap to unmap the old dma;

Baoquan He <bhe at redhat.com> helps testing this patchset.
Takao Indoh <indou.takao at jp.fujitsu.com> gives valuable suggestions.

Li, Zhen-Hua (10):
  iommu/vt-d: New function to attach domain with id
  iommu/vt-d: Items required for kdump
  iommu/vt-d: Function to get old context entry
  iommu/vt-d: functions to copy data from old mem
  iommu/vt-d: Add functions to load and save old re
  iommu/vt-d: datatypes and functions used for kdump
  iommu/vt-d: enable kdump support in iommu module
  iommu/vt-d: assign new page table for dma_map
  iommu/vt-d: Copy functions for irte
  iommu/vt-d: Use old irte in kdump kernel

 drivers/iommu/intel-iommu.c         | 535 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 drivers/iommu/intel_irq_remapping.c | 105 ++++++-
 include/linux/intel-iommu.h         |  18 ++
 3 files changed, 628 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

-- 
2.0.0-rc0