[PATCH] Reset PCIe devices to stop ongoing DMA

[Don Dutile]

On 04/24/2013 12:58 AM, Takao Indoh wrote:
> This patch resets PCIe devices on boot to stop ongoing DMA. When
> "pci=pcie_reset_devices" is specified, a hot reset is triggered on each
> PCIe root port and downstream port to reset its downstream endpoint.
>
> Problem:
> This patch solves the problem that kdump can fail when intel_iommu=on is
> specified. When intel_iommu=on is specified, many dma-remapping errors
> occur in second kernel and it causes problems like driver error or PCI
> SERR, at last kdump fails. This problem is caused as follows.
> 1) Devices are working on first kernel.
> 2) Switch to second kernel(kdump kernel). The devices are still working
>     and its DMA continues during this switch.
> 3) iommu is initialized during second kernel boot and ongoing DMA causes
>     dma-remapping errors.
>
> Solution:
> All DMA transactions have to be stopped before iommu is initialized. By
> this patch devices are reset and in-flight DMA is stopped before
> pci_iommu_init.
>
> To invoke hot reset on an endpoint, its upstream link need to be reset.
> reset_pcie_devices() is called from fs_initcall_sync, and it finds root
> port/downstream port whose child is PCIe endpoint, and then reset link
> between them. If the endpoint is VGA device, it is skipped because the
> monitor blacks out if VGA controller is reset.
>
Couple questions wrt VGA device:
(1) Many graphics devices are multi-function, one function being VGA;
     is the VGA always function 0, so this scan sees it first & doesn't
     do a reset on that PCIe link?  if the VGA is not function 0, won't
     this logic break (will reset b/c function 0 is non-VGA graphics) ?
(2) I'm hearing VGA will soon not be the a required console; this logic
     assumes it is, and why it isn't blanked.
     Q: Should the filter be based on a device having a device-class of display ?

> Actually this is v8 patch but quite different from v7 and it's been so
> long since previous post, so I start over again.
Thanks for this re-start.  I need to continue reviewing the rest.

Q: Why not force IOMMU off when re-booting a kexec kernel to perform a crash
    dump?  After the crash dump, the system is rebooting to previous (iommu=on) setting.
    That logic, along w/your previous patch to disable the IOMMU if iommu=off
    is set, would remove this (relatively slow) PCI init sequencing ?

> Previous post:
> [PATCH v7 0/5] Reset PCIe devices to address DMA problem on kdump
> https://lkml.org/lkml/2012/11/26/814
>
> Signed-off-by: Takao Indoh<indou.takao at jp.fujitsu.com>
> ---
>   Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt |    2 +
>   drivers/pci/pci.c                   |  103 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>   2 files changed, 105 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
> index 4609e81..2a31ade 100644
> --- a/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
> +++ b/Documentation/kernel-parameters.txt
> @@ -2250,6 +2250,8 @@ bytes respectively. Such letter suffixes can also be entirely omitted.
>   				any pair of devices, possibly at the cost of
>   				reduced performance.  This also guarantees
>   				that hot-added devices will work.
> +		pcie_reset_devices	Reset PCIe endpoint on boot by hot
> +				reset
>   		cbiosize=nn[KMG]	The fixed amount of bus space which is
>   				reserved for the CardBus bridge's IO window.
>   				The default value is 256 bytes.
> diff --git a/drivers/pci/pci.c b/drivers/pci/pci.c
> index b099e00..42385c9 100644
> --- a/drivers/pci/pci.c
> +++ b/drivers/pci/pci.c
> @@ -3878,6 +3878,107 @@ void __weak pci_fixup_cardbus(struct pci_bus *bus)
>   }
>   EXPORT_SYMBOL(pci_fixup_cardbus);
>
> +/*
> + * Return true if dev is PCIe root port or downstream port whose child is PCIe
> + * endpoint except VGA device.
> + */
> +static int __init need_reset(struct pci_dev *dev)
> +{
> +	struct pci_bus *subordinate;
> +	struct pci_dev *child;
> +
> +	if (!pci_is_pcie(dev) || !dev->subordinate ||
> +	    list_empty(&dev->subordinate->devices) ||
> +	    ((pci_pcie_type(dev) != PCI_EXP_TYPE_ROOT_PORT)&&
> +	     (pci_pcie_type(dev) != PCI_EXP_TYPE_DOWNSTREAM)))
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	subordinate = dev->subordinate;
> +	list_for_each_entry(child,&subordinate->devices, bus_list) {
> +		if ((pci_pcie_type(child) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_UPSTREAM) ||
> +		    (pci_pcie_type(child) == PCI_EXP_TYPE_PCI_BRIDGE) ||
> +		    ((child->class>>  16) == PCI_BASE_CLASS_DISPLAY))
> +			/* Don't reset switch, bridge, VGA device */
> +			return 0;
> +	}
> +
> +	return 1;
> +}
> +
> +static void __init save_config(struct pci_dev *dev)
> +{
> +	struct pci_bus *subordinate;
> +	struct pci_dev *child;
> +
> +	if (!need_reset(dev))
> +		return;
> +
> +	subordinate = dev->subordinate;
> +	list_for_each_entry(child,&subordinate->devices, bus_list) {
> +		dev_info(&child->dev, "save state\n");
> +		pci_save_state(child);
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +static void __init restore_config(struct pci_dev *dev)
> +{
> +	struct pci_bus *subordinate;
> +	struct pci_dev *child;
> +
> +	if (!need_reset(dev))
> +		return;
> +
> +	subordinate = dev->subordinate;
> +	list_for_each_entry(child,&subordinate->devices, bus_list) {
> +		dev_info(&child->dev, "restore state\n");
> +		pci_restore_state(child);
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +static void __init do_device_reset(struct pci_dev *dev)
> +{
> +	u16 ctrl;
> +
> +	if (!need_reset(dev))
> +		return;
> +
> +	dev_info(&dev->dev, "Reset Secondary bus\n");
> +
> +	/* Assert Secondary Bus Reset */
> +	pci_read_config_word(dev, PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL,&ctrl);
> +	ctrl |= PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_BUS_RESET;
> +	pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL, ctrl);
> +
> +	msleep(2);
> +
> +	/* De-assert Secondary Bus Reset */
> +	ctrl&= ~PCI_BRIDGE_CTL_BUS_RESET;
> +	pci_write_config_word(dev, PCI_BRIDGE_CONTROL, ctrl);
> +}
> +
> +static int __initdata pcie_reset_devices;
> +static int __init reset_pcie_devices(void)
> +{
> +	struct pci_dev *dev = NULL;
> +
> +	if (!pcie_reset_devices)
> +		return 0;
> +
> +	for_each_pci_dev(dev)
> +		save_config(dev);
> +
> +	for_each_pci_dev(dev)
> +		do_device_reset(dev);
> +
> +	msleep(1000);
> +
> +	for_each_pci_dev(dev)
> +		restore_config(dev);
> +
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +fs_initcall_sync(reset_pcie_devices);
> +
>   static int __init pci_setup(char *str)
>   {
>   	while (str) {
> @@ -3920,6 +4021,8 @@ static int __init pci_setup(char *str)
>   				pcie_bus_config = PCIE_BUS_PEER2PEER;
>   			} else if (!strncmp(str, "pcie_scan_all", 13)) {
>   				pci_add_flags(PCI_SCAN_ALL_PCIE_DEVS);
> +			} else if (!strncmp(str, "pcie_reset_devices", 18)) {
> +				pcie_reset_devices = 1;
>   			} else {
>   				printk(KERN_ERR "PCI: Unknown option `%s'\n",
>   						str);