[PATCH] wifi: ath12k: fix CMA error and MHI state mismatch during resume

[Jayasaikiran Banigallapati]

On 2/3/26 11:00, Baochen Qiang wrote:
>
> On 2/3/2026 1:02 PM, Jayasaikiran Banigallapati wrote:
>> On 2/3/26 08:21, Baochen Qiang wrote:
>>> On 2/2/2026 11:17 PM, Saikiran wrote:
>>>> Commit 8d5f4da8d70b ("wifi: ath12k: support suspend/resume") introduced
>>>> system suspend/resume support but caused a critical regression where
>>>> CMA pages are corrupted during resume.
>>>>
>>>> 1. CMA page corruption:
>>>>      Calling mhi_unprepare_after_power_down() during suspend (via
>>>>      ATH12K_MHI_DEINIT) prematurely frees the fbc_image and rddm_image
>>>>      DMA buffers. When these pages are accessed during resume, the kernel
>>>>      detects corruption (Bad page state).
>>> How, FBC image and RDDM image get re-allocated at resume, no?
>>>
>>> To clarify, the BUG: Bad page state crash actually occurs during the suspend phase,
>>> specifically when ath12k_mhi_stop() calls mhi_unprepare_after_power_down().
>>>
>>> The stack trace shows the panic happens inside mhi_free_bhie_table() while trying to
>>> free the pages:
>>>
>>>   mhi_free_bhie_table+0x50/0xa0 [mhi]
>>>   mhi_unprepare_after_power_down+0x30/0x70 [mhi]
>>>   ath12k_mhi_stop+0xf8/0x210 [ath12k]
>>>   ath12k_core_suspend_late+0x94/0xc0 [ath12k]
>>>
>>> The kernel reports nonzero _refcount when attempting to free the CMA pages (fbc_image/
>>> rddm_image). This suggests that something is still holding a reference to these pages
>>> when DEINIT attempts to free them, causing the kernel to panic before we reach the
>>> resume stage.
> this seems like a bug either in MHI stack or in kernel DMA/MM subsystems, rather than in
> ath12k
>
>>> Since the pages cannot be safely freed during suspend, skipping DEINIT (and using
>>> MHI_POWER_OFF_KEEP_DEV) avoids this invalid free operation. This also aligns with the
>>> existing comment in ath12k_mhi_stop which suggests using mhi_power_down_keep_dev() for
>>> suspend.
> first of all, this is a workaround rather than fix. Ideally we should try to root cause
> the issue and fix it in the right way.


The original comment in existing code:


/* During suspend we need to use mhi_power_down_keep_dev()
  * workaround, otherwise ath12k_core_resume() will timeout
  * during resume.
  */

This patch aligns the code with this existing intent. The driver was 
previously

calling DEINIT (and freeing resources) despite the comment advising to 
use keep_dev.

If the intention of the driver authors was to use keep_dev for suspend,

then my understanding is DEINIT is incorrect here (Correct me if I am 
wrong)

regardless of the underlying MM behavior.

>
> Secondly the workaround here seems problematic: you skip INIT druing resume. However note
> several hardware registers need to be re-programmed during this stage, how could the
> target work if its power is cutoff during suspend and the register context is not restored
> during resume?


In my testing, WiFi functionality was fully restored after resume.

The device associates and passes traffic immediately.

My understanding is that:

ATH12K_MHI_INIT primarily handles host memory allocation (which we 
preserved by skipping DEINIT).

ATH12K_MHI_POWER_ON calls mhi_sync_power_up(). This function triggers 
the MHI state machine,

which handles the necessary BHI/BHIE programming and firmware download 
(SBL) sequence.

Since mhi_sync_power_up() is still called during resume, the target is 
correctly re-initialized and

registers are programmed, even if we skip the redundant host memory 
allocation step (INIT).

Thanks & Regards,
Saikiran